Agave americana : Différence entre versions
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{{Page espèce (plante à graines) | {{Page espèce (plante à graines) | ||
− | |image = | + | |image = Agave americana4.jpg |
|légende = | |légende = | ||
− | |auteur = | + | |auteur = L. |
|ordre = Asparagales | |ordre = Asparagales | ||
|famille = Asparagaceae | |famille = Asparagaceae | ||
|genre = Agave | |genre = Agave | ||
− | |nb chromosomes = 2n = | + | |nb chromosomes = 2n = 60, 120, 180 |
− | |origine = | + | |origine = Mexique, Arizona, Texas |
− | |statut = sauvage | + | |statut = sauvage et cultivé |
+ | |français = '''''' | ||
+ | |anglais = '''''' | ||
+ | }}{{Encadré | ||
+ | |color=lightgreen | ||
+ | |titre=Résumé des usages | ||
+ | |texte=*ornemental | ||
+ | *textile : cordes, papier... | ||
+ | *médicinal : feuilles | ||
+ | *insecticide : feuilles | ||
+ | *pédoncule et boutons de fleurs : légume | ||
+ | *graines comestibles | ||
+ | *sève de l'inflorescence : sirop (aguamiel) | ||
+ | *cœur cuit et fermenté : boissons alcoolisées | ||
+ | *cœur rôti consommé | ||
+ | *fourrage : feuilles | ||
+ | *planté en haies vives | ||
}} | }} | ||
− | + | == Description == | |
− | + | <gallery mode="packed"> | |
− | + | File:Agave americana R01.jpg|plante avec rejets | |
− | + | File:Agave americana CBMen 1.jpg|plante en fleurs | |
− | + | File:Agave July 2011-1.jpg|plante en fleurs | |
+ | File:Maguey agave plant with blossoms.JPG|plante en fleurs | ||
+ | File:Maguey Agave Blossoms.JPG|fleurs | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
== Noms populaires == | == Noms populaires == | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;" | ||
− | + | |} | |
== Classification == | == Classification == | ||
+ | ''Agave americana'' L. (1753) | ||
== Cultivars == | == Cultivars == | ||
+ | <gallery mode="packed"> | ||
+ | File:An Agave at the Cactus Nursery, Ashington, Sussex - geograph.org.uk - 662233.jpg|cultivar 'Marginata Aurea'</gallery> | ||
== Histoire == | == Histoire == | ||
+ | <gallery mode="packed"> | ||
+ | File:Aguamiel00.jpg|Mahyahuel, déesse du maguey, devant un agave et un pot de pulque (''Codex Borbonicus'', ca. 1530) | ||
+ | File:Agave americana00a.jpg|Jacopo Ligozzi, XVIe siècle | ||
+ | File:Aguamiel01.jpg|récolte de l'aguamiel avec une longue gourde (1850) | ||
+ | File:Agave sp Blanco1.96-cropped.jpg|Blanco, 1880-1883, ''Flora de Filipinas'' | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
== Usages == | == Usages == | ||
− | + | *Voir [[:en:Agave (Sturtevant, 1919)#|Sturtevant, ''Notes on edible plants'', 1919]]. | |
+ | {{Citation encadré | ||
+ | |texte=Les feuilles procurent des ''fibres très tenaces'' employées en sparterie (CUENOD ''et al.'' 1954). | ||
+ | |auteur =[[Amaryllidacées (Le Floc'h, 1983)#Agave americana|Le Floc'h, 1983, ''Ethnobotanique tunisienne'', 70]]. | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Citation encadré | ||
+ | |texte=In the Americas, Africa, Asia (India to Vietnam) and S Europe frequently cultivated as hedge plant and ornamental. Used in agroforestry programs for desert regions in India. Cultivated as fibre crop on the Azores Isl. and for fibres and medicinal purposes in homegardens in SW China and India. Used for mescal (sugar-containing sap, extracted from defoliated stems shortly before flowering, then fermented and distilled) production in Mexico and for an alcoholic beverage in Martinique. The leaves are useful as laxative and diuretic and for medicine against syphilis, scrofula and cancer in India. In Peru the smoke of dried, burning leaves is inhaled to clean the respiratory tract. Leaves are reported to be used for biological pest control against leafhoppers and mosquito larvae in China. In the earlier literature about cultivation as fibre crop and for pulque production, this species might have been confused with ''Agave atrovirens''. Gentry (1982) distinguishes several varieties: var. ''picta'' (Salm) Terrac.; var. ''expansa'' (Jacobi) Gentry; var. ''oaxacensis'' H.S. Gentry. | ||
+ | |auteur =Mansfeld. | ||
+ | }} | ||
== Références == | == Références == | ||
== Liens == | == Liens == | ||
− | + | *[http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/details.php?langue=fr&id=155738 BD des Plantes d'Afrique] | |
− | [ | + | |
*[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/search.aspx?SearchTerm=Agave%20americana&SearchCat= BHL] | *[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/search.aspx?SearchTerm=Agave%20americana&SearchCat= BHL] | ||
− | *[ | + | *[https://www.feedipedia.org/node/192 Feedipedia] |
− | *[http://www. | + | *[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200028030 Flora of China] |
− | *[http://www. | + | *[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200028030 Flora of North America] |
− | *[ | + | *[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=1690 GRIN] |
*[http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Agave%20americana&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html IPNI] | *[http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Agave%20americana&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html IPNI] | ||
− | *[http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/ | + | *[http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/apex/f?p=185:46:16996572646473::NO::module,mf_use,source,akzanz,rehm,akzname,taxid:mf,,botnam,0,,Agave%20americana,27790 Mansfeld] |
− | *[http:// | + | *[http://naeb.brit.org/uses/search/?string=Agave+americana Moerman, Native American Ethnobotany] |
− | *[ | + | *[https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1990/V1-267.html#McDaniel NewCrop Purdue] : McDaniel, R.G. 1990. Agave: A new crop for the desert southwest. p. 268. In: J. Janick and J.E. Simon (eds.), ''Advances in new crops''. Timber Press, Portland, OR. |
− | + | ||
*[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Agave+americana Plant List] | *[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Agave+americana Plant List] | ||
*[http://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Agave%20americana Plants for a future] | *[http://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Agave%20americana Plants for a future] | ||
− | *[http:// | + | *[http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319063-2 Plants of the World Online] |
*[[Agave americana (PROTA)|PROTA sur Pl@ntUse]] | *[[Agave americana (PROTA)|PROTA sur Pl@ntUse]] | ||
− | *[ | + | *[https://inpn.mnhn.fr/espece/cd_nom/80383/tab/taxo TAXREF] |
− | *[ | + | *[https://www.tela-botanica.org/bdtfx-nn-1116 Tela Botanica] |
*[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Agave%20americana Useful Tropical Plants Database] | *[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Agave%20americana Useful Tropical Plants Database] | ||
*[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agave%20americana Wikipédia] | *[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agave%20americana Wikipédia] | ||
*[http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Agave%20americana Wikiphyto] | *[http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Agave%20americana Wikiphyto] | ||
+ | *[http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000754119 World Flora Online] | ||
+ | |||
[[Category:Agave]] | [[Category:Agave]] |
Version actuelle en date du 10 octobre 2021 à 14:59
Agave americana L.
Ordre | Asparagales |
---|---|
Famille | Asparagaceae |
Genre | Agave |
2n = 60, 120, 180
Origine : Mexique, Arizona, Texas
sauvage et cultivé
Français | ' |
---|---|
Anglais | ' |
- ornemental
- textile : cordes, papier...
- médicinal : feuilles
- insecticide : feuilles
- pédoncule et boutons de fleurs : légume
- graines comestibles
- sève de l'inflorescence : sirop (aguamiel)
- cœur cuit et fermenté : boissons alcoolisées
- cœur rôti consommé
- fourrage : feuilles
- planté en haies vives
Sommaire
Description
Noms populaires
Classification
Agave americana L. (1753)
Cultivars
Histoire
Usages
Les feuilles procurent des fibres très tenaces employées en sparterie (CUENOD et al. 1954).
In the Americas, Africa, Asia (India to Vietnam) and S Europe frequently cultivated as hedge plant and ornamental. Used in agroforestry programs for desert regions in India. Cultivated as fibre crop on the Azores Isl. and for fibres and medicinal purposes in homegardens in SW China and India. Used for mescal (sugar-containing sap, extracted from defoliated stems shortly before flowering, then fermented and distilled) production in Mexico and for an alcoholic beverage in Martinique. The leaves are useful as laxative and diuretic and for medicine against syphilis, scrofula and cancer in India. In Peru the smoke of dried, burning leaves is inhaled to clean the respiratory tract. Leaves are reported to be used for biological pest control against leafhoppers and mosquito larvae in China. In the earlier literature about cultivation as fibre crop and for pulque production, this species might have been confused with Agave atrovirens. Gentry (1982) distinguishes several varieties: var. picta (Salm) Terrac.; var. expansa (Jacobi) Gentry; var. oaxacensis H.S. Gentry.
Références
Liens
- BD des Plantes d'Afrique
- BHL
- Feedipedia
- Flora of China
- Flora of North America
- GRIN
- IPNI
- Mansfeld
- Moerman, Native American Ethnobotany
- NewCrop Purdue : McDaniel, R.G. 1990. Agave: A new crop for the desert southwest. p. 268. In: J. Janick and J.E. Simon (eds.), Advances in new crops. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
- Plant List
- Plants for a future
- Plants of the World Online
- PROTA sur Pl@ntUse
- TAXREF
- Tela Botanica
- Useful Tropical Plants Database
- Wikipédia
- Wikiphyto
- World Flora Online