Ocimum tenuiflorum
Ocimum tenuiflorum L.
| Ordre | Lamiales |
|---|---|
| Famille | Lamiaceae |
| Genre | Ocimum |
2n =
Origine : Aise du Sud
sauvage et cultivé
| Français | basilic thaï |
|---|---|
| Anglais | holy basil |
- feuilles condimentaires
- feuilles utilisées en infusion
- plante sacrée des Hindous
- médicinal
Sommaire
Description
plante
feuilles
inflorescence
inflorescence
arbuste de tulsi atteignant 1,8 m de haut
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Noms populaires
| français | basilic thaï ; basilic sacré, basilic des moines |
| créole antillais | basilic, bazilik frans (TRAMIL) |
| anglais | holy basil, sacred basil |
| allemand | Tulsipflanze |
| italien | basilico sacro |
| espagnol | albahaca morada (Porto Rico) |
| hindi | तुलसी - tulsī (Flowers of India) |
| marathi | tulshi (Flowers of India) |
| manipuri | ꯇꯨꯜꯁꯤ - tulsi (Flowers of India) |
| malayalam | trittavu (Flowers of India) |
| angami | nhietso, nietso (Flowers of India) |
| chinois | 圣罗勒 - sheng luo le (Flora of China) |
| Philippines | loko-loko (tagalog), kamangi (bicol), bidai (ilocano) (PROSEA) |
| Indonésie | ruku-ruku (Sumatra), kemangi utan (Moluques), lampes (javanais, sundanais) (PROSEA) |
| Malaysia | oku, ruku ruku, sulasi (PROSEA) |
| Thaïlande | kaphrao (central), kom ko dong, im-khim-lam (nord) ; kha prao, bai grapao (PROSEA) |
| Vietnam | hương nhu tía, é tía, é dỏ (PROSEA) |
| Laos | saph'au (PROSEA); sa phao |
| Cambodge | mrèah prëu (PROSEA) |
Classification
Ocimum tenuiflorum L. (1753)
synonyme :
- Ocimum sanctum L. (1767)
Cultivars
Histoire
Blanco, 1880-1883, Flora de Filipinas
autel de tulsi dans un temple
autel de tulsi dans une cour
chapelet indien en bois de tulsi
déesse du tulsi
_of_Tulasi_wood_with_108_beads_-_20040101-01.jpg)
Usages
Sacred plant among the Hindus. Frequently cultivated in courtyards and around temples in India for about 3.000 years. Used for ritual purposes. Cultivated as a spice and medicinal plant in India, southern China, SE Asia and elsewhere in its area (e.g. in Thailand, Cambodia, at the Philippines, the Seychelles in Tanzania and Cuba), recently also in Korea and the USA. The plant is employed as a condiment in salads, substitute for tea, insect repellent, panacea and remedy (antistress agent, diaphoretic, expectorant, aromatic baths). The essential oil has been extracted from different chemotypes (antiseptic, insect repellent). The leaf colour varies from green to purple.
Références
- Bast, Felix ; Pooja Rani & Devendra Meena, 2014. Chloroplast DNA Phylogeography of Holy Basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum) in Indian Subcontinent. The Scientific World Journal, 70 (3): 277–85. doi:10.1155/2014/847482.
- Chauvet, Michel, 2018. Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 353)
- TRAMIL, Pharmacopée végétale caribéenne, éd. scient. L. Germosén-Robineau. 2014. 3e éd. Santo Domingo, Canopé de Guadeloupe. 420 p. Voir sur Pl@ntUse
