Cymbopogon citratus
Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf
| Ordre | Poales |
|---|---|
| Famille | Poaceae |
| Genre | Cymbopogon |
2n = 4x = 40 ; 6x = 60
Origine : Malaisie
sauvage ou cultivé
| Français | citronnelle |
|---|---|
| Anglais | lemongrass |
- herbe condimentaire
- source de l'essence de lemongrass
- médicinal
Sommaire
Description
1, port d'une plante en fleurs ; 2, base de la plante ; 3, deux feuilles ; 4, partie d'inflorescence ; 5, paire d'épillets ; 6, épillet sessile fertile (PROSEA).
plante
citronnelle en bord de rizière
base des tiges
Noms populaires
| français | citronnelle, herbe-citron, verveine des Indes |
| créole guyanais | citronnelle [sitronèl] (Pharma. Guyane) |
| wayãpi | asikalu pili (Pharma. Guyane) |
| palikur | sikumna (Pharma. Guyane) |
| anglais | lemongrass, West Indian lemongrass |
| allemand | Zitronengrass |
| néerlandais | citroengras, sereh |
| italien | citronella |
| espagnol | zacate de limón, sontol ; yerba luisa (Pérou) |
| portugais | capim limão ; capim santo (Pharma. Guyane) |
| chinois | 香茅 - xiang mao (Flora of China) |
| japonais | |
| hindi | |
| Philippines | tanglad, salai (tagalog), balioko (bisaya) (PROSEA) |
| Indonésie | serai dapur (général), sereh (sundanais), bubu (Halmahera) (PROSEA) |
| Malaysia | sereh, serai, serai dapur (PROSEA) |
| Thaïlande | cha khrai (nord), khrai (péninsulaire), soet-kroei (est) (PROSEA) |
| Vietnam | sả chanh (PROSEA) ; cây sả |
| Laos | 'si khai, 'sing khai (PROSEA) |
| Cambodge | slek krey sabou (PROSEA) |
| Birmanie | sabalin (PROSEA) |
Classification
Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (1906)
basionyme :
- Andropogon citratus DC. (1813)
Cultivars
Histoire
Usages
Since ancient time in S and SE Asia planted in house gardens and used as an important aromatic and medicinal plant. Now worldwide in the tropics cultivated with a main cultivation area in lower altitudes of S Asia. Here young leaves are an essential flavouring ingredient of nearly all dishes especially curries. The aromatic leaves are commonly used for tea and other beverages, and as medicine for intestinal irritations and against fever. In India it is an important Ayurvedic medicine. Occasionally it is planted as soil cover and for erosion control, and then the leaves are also harvested for distillation of West Indian lemongrass oil (= Sereh grass oil). Probably it was originally used only in Asia. Systematic cultivation and distillation began in Kerala in the 1880s, the plantations in Central and South America were established only between the two World Wars. Plantations in Africa remained rather insignificant. Wild distribution: Wild not known.
Références
- Chauvet, Michel, 2018. Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 288)
- Dodinet, Elisabeth, 2001. Histoire des aromates à usage thérapeutique et cosmétologique dans l'Ancien Testament. Mémoire Ecole des Plantes. 432 p.
- Grenand, Pierre ; Moretti, Christian ; Jacquemin, Henri & Prévost, Marie-Françoise, 2004. Pharmacopées traditionnelles en Guyane. Créoles, Wayãpi, Palikur. 2e édition revue et complétée. Paris, IRD. 816 p. (1ère éd.: 1987). Voir sur Pl@ntUse.
- TRAMIL, Pharmacopée végétale caribéenne, éd. scient. L. Germosén-Robineau. 2014. 3e éd. Santo Domingo, Canopé de Guadeloupe. 420 p. Voir sur Pl@ntUse
