Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth
Ordre | Fabales |
---|---|
Famille | Fabaceae |
Genre | Cajanus |
2n =
Origine : aire d'origine
sauvage ou cultivé
Français | pois cajan |
---|---|
Anglais | pigeon pea |
- légume sec
- médicinal
Description
Noms populaires
français | pois cajan, pois d’Angole, ambrevade ; pois du Congo (Afrique) |
anglais | pigeon pea, Congo pea ; red gram (Inde) ; gungo pea (Antilles) |
créole antillais | pois congo (Pharma. Guyane) |
créole guyanais | pois d’angole [pwa-dangol], pois d’Angola, pois en gaules (Pharma. Guyane) |
palikur | dãkun (Pharma. Guyane) |
allemand | Taubenerbse, Straucherbse |
espagnol | gandul, guandú, guandul, cayán |
portugais | ervilha do Congo, feijão guandu, ervilha de Angola, cuandú, andú (PROTA) ; feijão guandu, coendu (Pharma. Guyane) |
swahili | mbaazi (PROTA) |
hindi | tūr, tūar, arhar |
Indonésie | kacang bali, kacang gude, kacang kayu (PROSEA) |
Malaysia | kacang, kacang dal, kacang hiris (PROSEA) |
Philippines | tabios, kardis, kidis (PROSEA) |
Thaïlande | thua rae, thua maetaai, ma hae (PROSEA) |
Vietnam | cay dau chieu, dau sang, dau thong (PROSEA) |
Laos | thwàx h'ê (PROSEA) |
Cambodge | sândaèk dai, sândaèk kroëb sâ, sândaèk klöng (PROSEA) |
Classification
Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth (1893)
basionyme :
- Cytisus cajan L. (1753)
synonyme :
- Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. (1900)
Le nom de genre Cajan Adans. est conservé sous la forme Cajanus. Il en découle que tous les noms ayant Cajan comme nom de genre doivent être corrigés automatiquement en Cajanus.
Cajanus cajan Huth, qui n'a pas vraiment été publié, se retrouve être le type du genre conservé Cajanus, alors qu'il n'est pas lui-même conservé. C'est Millspaugh qui a le premier publié ce nom.
Cultivars
Histoire
Usages
Only cultivated and grown throughout the tropics (although often escsaped), the main producer is the Indian subcontinent, much less grown in Central America and E Africa, in all other countries only of local importance, outside India an under-exploited crop! Especially in India used as pulse (dry seeds), in other regions (SE Asia, tropical America, southern USA) as vegetable (fresh seeds, pods), but ripe seeds are used too, roasted or fermented like soyabean seeds. In Africa the crop is grown as pulse and vegetable, also as host plant for silkworm (Madagascar) or lac insect (India, Thailand). Pigeonpea is also used for green manuring, as windbreak (e.g. for tobacco, Cuba) and for shading. It is often a garden crop and cultivated along hedges, rice fields and in intercroppings (with maize, cotton, Sorghum). In some areas the crop is mainly used as forage (Australia, southern USA, Hawaii). Domestication of the species took place obviously in India, from here are known prehistorical remains (last mill. BC, first cent. AD). India is also the centre of diversity, the cultivation spread from there very early to Africa, later to SE Asia and rather soonly in the 16th cent. to America. The crop has a very large infraspecific variation, many cultivars (mostly from India) and land-races are known. In India a rough distinction has been made between an early maturing type, grown mostly as annual (tur) and a late one, grown as perennial (arhar). Breeding and collection of local material is being done mainly in India. ("Cajanus cajanifolius")
Références
- Bekele-Tesemma, Azene, 2007. Useful trees and shrubs for Ethiopia. Identification, propagation and management for 17 agroclimatic zones. Nairobi, ICRAF - RELMA. 550 p. (Technical Manual 6). Voir l'article
- Chauvet, Michel, 2018. Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 387)
- Fleury, Marie, 1994. Impact de la traite des esclaves sur la phytogéographie : exemple chez les Aluku (Boni) de Guyane française. Journal d'agriculture traditionnelle et de botanique appliquée, 36(1): 113-137. doi:10.3406/jatba.1994.3537 ou Persée
- Grenand, Pierre ; Moretti, Christian ; Jacquemin, Henri & Prévost, Marie-Françoise, 2004. Pharmacopées traditionnelles en Guyane. Créoles, Wayãpi, Palikur. 2e édition revue et complétée. Paris, IRD. 816 p. (1ère éd.: 1987). Voir sur Pl@ntUse.
Liens
- BHL
- FAO Ecocrop
- Feedipedia
- GRIN
- ICRISAT Exploreit
- IPNI
- Mansfeld
- Moerman, Native American Ethnobotany
- Multilingual Plant Name Database
- NewCrop Purdue
- Plant List
- Plants for a future
- Plants of the World Online
- PROSEA sur Pl@ntUse
- PROTA sur Pl@ntUse
- TAXREF
- Tela Botanica
- Useful Tropical Plants Database
- Wikipédia
- Wikiphyto
- World Flora Online