| Fuel= 1
| Medicinal= 1
| Spices and Spice / condiment use= 1
| Essential oil / exudate= 1
}}
<big>''[[Bridelia micrantha]]'' (Hochst.) Baill.</big>
__NOTOC__
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Bridelia micrantha'' (PROTA)}}
:Protologue: Adansonia 3: 164 (1862).
''Bridelia'' occurs in the Old World tropics, and comprises about 75 species. About 15 species occur in mainland tropical Africa and 2 species are endemic to the Indian Ocean islands.
=== ''Bridelia ndellensis'' ===''[[Bridelia ndellensis]]'' Beille is a small tree up to 15(–20) m tall with bole up to 30 cm in diameter, distributed from southern Nigeria eastward to Sudan and Uganda. Its wood is whitish and hard, and used in DR Congo for house building. In Sudan the fruits are eaten. In DR Congo a bark maceration is taken as a remedy for cough and diarrhoea.
== Anatomy ==
Wood-anatomical description (IAWA hardwood codes):
*Growth rings: 1: growth ring boundaries distinct; 2: growth ring boundaries indistinct or absent. *Vessels: 5: wood diffuse-porous; 13: simple perforation plates; (19: reticulate, foraminate, and/or other types of multiple perforation plates); 22: intervessel pits alternate; 23: shape of alternate pits polygonal; 25: intervessel pits small (4–7 μm); 26: intervessel pits medium (7–10 μm); (30: vessel-ray pits with distinct borders; similar to intervessel pits in size and shape throughout the ray cell); 31: vessel-ray pits with much reduced borders to apparently simple: pits rounded or angular; 32: vessel-ray pits with much reduced borders to apparently simple: pits horizontal (scalariform, gash-like) to vertical (palisade); (33: vessel-ray pits of two distinct sizes or types in the same ray cell); (34: vessel-ray pits unilaterally compound and coarse (over 10 μm)); 42: mean tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100–200 μm; 47: 5–20 vessels per square millimetre; 56: tyloses common. *Tracheids and fibres: 61: fibres with simple to minutely bordered pits; 65: septate fibres present; 66: non-septate fibres present; 69: fibres thin- to thick-walled. *Axial parenchyma: 76: axial parenchyma diffuse; 78: axial parenchyma scanty paratracheal; 92: four (3–4) cells per parenchyma strand; 93: eight (5–8) cells per parenchyma strand. *Rays: 97: ray width 1–3 cells; (98: larger rays commonly 4- to 10-seriate); 107: body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2–4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells; 108: body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells; 109: rays with procumbent, square and upright cells mixed throughout the ray; (110: sheath cells present); 115: 4–12 rays per mm. *Mineral inclusions: 136: prismatic crystals present; 137: prismatic crystals in upright and/or square ray cells; 138: prismatic crystals in procumbent ray cells; 140: prismatic crystals in chambered upright and/or square ray cells; 141: prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells; 142: prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells.
(N.P. Mollel, P.E. Gasson & E.A. Wheeler)
* Arbonnier, M., 2004. Trees, shrubs and lianas of West African dry zones. CIRAD, Margraf Publishers Gmbh, MNHN, Paris, France. 573 pp.
* Bekele-Tesemma, A., 2007. Useful trees and shrubs for Ethiopia: identification, propagation and management for 17 agroclimatic zones. Technical Manual No 6. RELMA in ICRAF Project, Nairobi, Kenya. 552 pp.
* Bolza, E. & Keating, W.G., 1972. African timbers: the properties, uses and characteristics of 700 species. Division of Building Research, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia. 710 pp.
* Burkill, H.M., 1994. The useful plants of West Tropical Africa. 2nd Edition. Volume 2, Families E–I. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom. 636 pp.
* de Koning, J., 1983. La forêt de Banco. Part 2: La Flore. Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 83–1. Wageningen, Netherlands. 921 pp.
* Léonard, J., 1962. Euphorbiaceae. In: Robyns, W., Staner, P., Demaret, F., Germain, R., Gilbert, G., Hauman, L., Homès, M., Jurion, F., Lebrun, J., Vanden Abeele, M. & Boutique, R. (Editors). Flore du Congo belge et du Ruanda-Urundi. Spermatophytes. Volume 8, 1. Institut National pour l’Étude Agronomique du Congo belge, Brussels, Belgium. 214 pp.
* Neuwinger, H.D., 2000. African traditional medicine: a dictionary of plant use and applications. Medpharm Scientific, Stuttgart, Germany. 589 pp.
* Radcliffe-Smith, A., 1996. Euphorbiaceae, subfamilies Phyllantoideae, Oldfieldioideae, Acalyphoideae, Crotonoideae and Euphorbioideae, tribe Hippomaneae. In: Pope, G.V. (Editor). Flora Zambesiaca. Volume 9, part 4. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom. pp. 1–337.
* Raponda-Walker, A. & Sillans, R., 1961. Les plantes utiles du Gabon. Paul Lechevalier, Paris, France. 614 pp.
* Takahashi, A., 1978. Compilation of data on the mechanical properties of foreign woods (part 3) Africa. Shimane University, Matsue, Japan. 248 pp.
== Other references ==
* Bessong, P.O., Obi, C.L., Andréola, M.L., Rojas, L.B., Pouységu, L., Igumbor, E., Marion Meyer, J.J., Quideau, S. & Litvak, S., 2005. Evaluation of selected South African medicinal plants for inhibitory properties against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase and integrase. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 99: 83–91.
* Chiotha, S.S., Seyani, J.H. & Fabiano, E.C., 1991. Molluscicidal and piscicidal properties of indigenous plants. In: Pierce, B.A.C., Lightfoot, C., Ruddle, K. & Pullin, R.S.V. (Editors). Aquaculture research and development in rural Africa. ICLARM Conference Proceedings 27. 71 pp.
* Dalziel, J.M., 1937. The useful plants of West Tropical Africa. Crown Agents for Overseas Governments and Administrations, London, United Kingdom. 612 pp.
* de la Mensbruge, G., 1966. La germination et les plantules des essences arborées de la forêt dense humide de la Côte d’Ivoire. Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Nogent-sur-Marne, France. 389 pp.
* Gangoué-Piéboji, J., Pegnyemb, D.E., Niyitegeka, D., Nsangou, A., Eze, N., Minyem, C., Mbing, J.N., Ngassam, P., Tih, R.G., Sodengam, B.L. & Bodo, B., 2006. The in-vitro antimicrobial activities of some medicinal plants from Cameroon. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 100(3): 237–243.
* Gangoué-Piéboji, J., Baurin, S., Frère, J.M., Ngassam, P., Ngameni, B., Azebaze, A., Pegnyemb, D.E., Watchueng, J., Goffin, C. & Galleni, M., 2007. Screening of some medicinal plants from Cameroon for ß-Lactamase inhibitory activity. Phytotherapy Research 21(3): 284–287.
* Gillah, P.R., Ishengoma, R.C., Amartey, S.A., Gabriel, J., Kitojo, D.H. & Negi, A., 2004. Natural durability of some lesser-known timber species against rotting fungi. Journal of the Timber Development Association of India 50(3/4): 32–41.
* Guéneau, P., Bedel, J. & Thiel, J., 1970–1975. Bois et essences malgaches. Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Nogent-sur-Marne, France. 150 pp.
* Johnson, D. & Johnson, S., 2002. Down to Earth: Gardening with indigenous trees. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, South Africa. 112 pp.
* Mbahin, N., Raina, S.K., Kioko, E.N. & Mueke, J.M., 2008. Spatial distribution of cocoon nests and egg clusters of the silkmoth Anaphe panda (Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeidae) and its host plant Bridelia micrantha (Euphorbiaceae) in the Kakamega Forest of western Kenya. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 27(3-4): 138–144.
* Mbahin, N., Raina, S.K., Kioko, E.N. & Mueke, J.M., 2010. Use of sleeve nets to improve survival of the Boisduval silkworm, Anaphe panda, in the Kakamega Forest of western Kenya. Journal of Insect Science 10(6): 1–10.
* Moshi, M.J. & Mbwambo, Z.H., 2002. Experience of Tanzanian traditional healers in the management of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Pharmaceutical Biology 40(7): 552–560.
* Mushambanyi, T.M.B., 2000. Etude préliminaire orientée vers la production des chenilles consommables par l'élevage des papillons (Anaphe infracta: Thaumetopoeidae) à Lwiro, Sud-Kivu. République Démocratique du Congo. Tropicultura 18(4): 208–211.
* Ngueyem, T.A., Brusotti, G., Caccialanza, G. & Vita Finzi, P., 2009. The genus Bridelia: a phytochemical and ethnopharmacological review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 124(3): 339–349.
* Noad, T. & Birnie, A., 1989. Trees of Kenya. A fully illustrated field guide. Nairobi, Kenya. 281 pp.
* Sallenave, P., 1955. Propriétés physiques et mécaniques des bois tropicaux de l’Union française. Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Nogent-sur-Marne, France. 129 pp.
* Samie, A., Obi, C.L., Bessong, P.O. & Namrita, L., 2005. Activity profiles of fourteen selected medicinal plants from rural Venda communities in South Africa against fifteen clinical bacterial species. African Journal of Biotechnology 4(12): 1443–1451.
* SEPASAL, 2011. Bridelia micrantha. [Internet] Survey of Economic Plants for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (SEPASAL) database. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom. http://www.kew.org/ ceb/sepasal/. November 2011.
* Teel, W., 1984. A pocket directory of trees and seeds in Kenya. Kenya Energy Non-Governmental Organisations, Nairobi, Kenya. 151 pp.
* Watt, J.M. & Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G., 1962. The medicinal and poisonous plants of southern and eastern Africa. 2nd Edition. E. and S. Livingstone, London, United Kingdom. 1457 pp.
== Sources of illustration ==
== Author(s) ==
* C.H. Bosch , PROTA Network Office Europe, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 341, 6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands
== Correct citation of this article ==
[[fr:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:PROTA prov]][[Category:Timbers (PROTA)]]
