Difference between revisions of "Aloe vera"
From PlantUse English
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| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
|origin = North-East Africa | |origin = North-East Africa | ||
|status = cultivated | |status = cultivated | ||
| − | |english = | + | |english = Aloe vera |
| − | |french = | + | |french = aloès |
}}{{Box | }}{{Box | ||
|title = Uses summary | |title = Uses summary | ||
| Line 24: | Line 24: | ||
== Description == | == Description == | ||
<gallery mode="packed"> | <gallery mode="packed"> | ||
| + | Aloe vera MC.tif|1, plant habit; 2, part of inflorescence; 3, flower in longitudinal section (PROSEA, P. Verheij-Hayes) | ||
File:Aloe vera habit Bekele-Tessemma Ethiopia.jpg|habit | File:Aloe vera habit Bekele-Tessemma Ethiopia.jpg|habit | ||
File:Aloe vera drawing leaves Bekele-Tessemma Ethiopia.jpg|leaves | File:Aloe vera drawing leaves Bekele-Tessemma Ethiopia.jpg|leaves | ||
| Line 34: | Line 35: | ||
* stemless or short-stemmed plant, stoloniferous | * stemless or short-stemmed plant, stoloniferous | ||
* fleshy lanceolate leaves, 30 to 60 cm long, ending in a fine point, prickly toothed | * fleshy lanceolate leaves, 30 to 60 cm long, ending in a fine point, prickly toothed | ||
| − | * inflorescence on a stipe up to 1.2 m, with lanceolate or ovate | + | * inflorescence on a stipe up to 1.2 m, with lanceolate or ovate, pointed bracts |
* yellow flowers 2.5 cm long in dense clusters of 10 to 30 cm | * yellow flowers 2.5 cm long in dense clusters of 10 to 30 cm | ||
* fruit: dehiscent capsule | * fruit: dehiscent capsule | ||
| Line 41: | Line 42: | ||
== Popular names == | == Popular names == | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;" | {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;" | ||
| − | | | + | |English |
|aloe vera, Barbados aloe, coastal aloe, Curaçao aloe, Indian aloe, medicinal aloe, Mediterranean aloe, true aloe, West Indian aloe | |aloe vera, Barbados aloe, coastal aloe, Curaçao aloe, Indian aloe, medicinal aloe, Mediterranean aloe, true aloe, West Indian aloe | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | |French |
||aloès, aloès vulgaire, aloe vera | ||aloès, aloès vulgaire, aloe vera | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | Guyanese creole |
| aloé [lalwès, lalowès] (Pharma. Guyane) | | aloé [lalwès, lalowès] (Pharma. Guyane) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | Palikur |
| punamna arib (Pharma. Guyane) | | punamna arib (Pharma. Guyane) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | Portuguese |
| − | |aloés, aloé vera, aloés de Barbados, caraguatá, erva babosa, babosa, azebre vegetal | + | | aloés, aloé vera, aloés de Barbados, caraguatá, erva babosa, babosa, azebre vegetal |
| − | + | |- | |
| + | | Philippines | ||
| + | | sabila (Tagalog), dilang-buwaya (Bikol), dilang-halo (Bisaya) (PROSEA) | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Indonesia | ||
| + | | lidah buaya (PROSEA) | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Malaysia | ||
| + | | lidah buaya (Peninsular), bunga raja raja (Sabah) (PROSEA) | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Thaïland | ||
| + | | waan faimai (northern), waan hang chorakhe, haang takhe (central) (PROSEA) | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Vietnam | ||
| + | | lô hội, lư hội, nha dảm (PROSEA) | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 72: | Line 87: | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
<gallery mode="packed"> | <gallery mode="packed"> | ||
| − | File:Aloê 15r Dioscoride Vienne.png|aloê folio 15r, [[Dioscoride: Codex vindobonensis#Aloe|Dioscoride, ''Codex Vindobonensis Med. Gr. I'']] | + | File:Aloê 15r Dioscoride Vienne.png|aloê folio 15r, [[:fr:Dioscoride: Codex vindobonensis#Aloe|Dioscoride, ''Codex Vindobonensis Med. Gr. I'']] |
| − | File:Kadanaku 11-3 Rheede 1692.png|kadanaku vol. 11 pl. 3 [[Rheede, illustrations|Rheede 1692, ''Hortus malabaricus'']] | + | File:Kadanaku 11-3 Rheede 1692.png|kadanaku vol. 11 pl. 3 [[:fr:Rheede, illustrations|Rheede 1692, ''Hortus malabaricus'']] |
File:Flore médicale des Antilles, ou, Traité des plantes usuelles (Pl. 130) (8203076070).jpg|Descourtilz, 1822, ''Medicinal Flora of the West Indies'' | File:Flore médicale des Antilles, ou, Traité des plantes usuelles (Pl. 130) (8203076070).jpg|Descourtilz, 1822, ''Medicinal Flora of the West Indies'' | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
== Uses == | == Uses == | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{Citation box |
|text=In addition to its laxative properties, this species is employed for dyeing. | |text=In addition to its laxative properties, this species is employed for dyeing. | ||
| Line 87: | Line 102: | ||
The leaves of "aloes" are possibly used in mixture with henna in the region of Zarzis in order to obtain a "dye" of wool of beige shade (COUSTILLAC, 1958). | The leaves of "aloes" are possibly used in mixture with henna in the region of Zarzis in order to obtain a "dye" of wool of beige shade (COUSTILLAC, 1958). | ||
| − | | author = [[Liliaceae (Le Floc'h, 1983) #Aloe vera | Le Floc'h, 1983, '' Ethnobotanique tunisienne '', 64]] | + | |author = [[:fr:Liliaceae (Le Floc'h, 1983) #Aloe vera | Le Floc'h, 1983, '' Ethnobotanique tunisienne '', 64]] |
}} | }} | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{Citation box |
|text=Since about 1650 it has been cultivated for drug production on Barbados isl. Frequently cultivated and locally naturalized in subtropical and tropical regions around the world. The drug is processed from the bitter, yellow leaf sap by drying. It is used in the human and veterinary medicine; it is also important as constituent of cremes, emulsions and shampoo. A dye is produced from the leaves which is used for staining clothes. The species plays a role in magic and religious rituals in several countries. Also cultivated as hedge plant and ornamental. Intensive studies are underway on its secondary metabolites, useful for medicine. This species had been used as drug already in the antiquity. It had been presumably brought into the New World by the Spaniards. Agarwal (1988) mentioned ''A. abyssinica'', called "desi kwar", to be used in western parts of India. This is, indeed not this species but a variety of ''A. barbadensis''. | |text=Since about 1650 it has been cultivated for drug production on Barbados isl. Frequently cultivated and locally naturalized in subtropical and tropical regions around the world. The drug is processed from the bitter, yellow leaf sap by drying. It is used in the human and veterinary medicine; it is also important as constituent of cremes, emulsions and shampoo. A dye is produced from the leaves which is used for staining clothes. The species plays a role in magic and religious rituals in several countries. Also cultivated as hedge plant and ornamental. Intensive studies are underway on its secondary metabolites, useful for medicine. This species had been used as drug already in the antiquity. It had been presumably brought into the New World by the Spaniards. Agarwal (1988) mentioned ''A. abyssinica'', called "desi kwar", to be used in western parts of India. This is, indeed not this species but a variety of ''A. barbadensis''. | ||
|author =Mansfeld. | |author =Mansfeld. | ||
| Line 96: | Line 111: | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
| − | *Bekele-Tesemma, Azene, 2007. ''Useful trees and shrubs for Ethiopia. Identification, propagation and management for 17 agroclimatic zones''. Nairobi, ICRAF - RELMA. 550 p. (''Technical Manual'' 6). [[ | + | *Bekele-Tesemma, Azene, 2007. ''Useful trees and shrubs for Ethiopia. Identification, propagation and management for 17 agroclimatic zones''. Nairobi, ICRAF - RELMA. 550 p. (''Technical Manual'' 6). [[Aloe vera (Bekele-Tesemma, 2007)|See article]] |
| − | *Chauvet, Michel, 2018. [[Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires|''Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires'']]. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 82) | + | *Chauvet, Michel, 2018. [[:fr:Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires|''Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires'']]. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 82) |
| − | *Grenand, Pierre ; Moretti, Christian ; Jacquemin, Henri & Prévost, Marie-Françoise, 2004. ''Pharmacopées traditionnelles en Guyane. Créoles, Wayãpi, Palikur''. 2e édition revue et complétée. Paris, IRD. 816 p. (1ère éd.: 1987). [[Aloe vera (Pharmacopées en Guyane)| | + | *Grenand, Pierre ; Moretti, Christian ; Jacquemin, Henri & Prévost, Marie-Françoise, 2004. ''Pharmacopées traditionnelles en Guyane. Créoles, Wayãpi, Palikur''. 2e édition revue et complétée. Paris, IRD. 816 p. (1ère éd.: 1987). [[:fr:Aloe vera (Pharmacopées en Guyane)|See on Pl@ntUse]]. |
| − | *TRAMIL, ''Pharmacopée végétale caribéenne'', éd. scient. L. Germosén-Robineau. 2014. 3e éd. Santo Domingo, Canopé de Guadeloupe. 420 p. | + | *TRAMIL, ''Pharmacopée végétale caribéenne'', éd. scient. L. Germosén-Robineau. 2014. 3e éd. Santo Domingo, Canopé de Guadeloupe. 420 p. See on [[:fr:Aloe vera (TRAMIL)|Pl@ntUse]] |
== Links == | == Links == | ||
*[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/search.aspx?SearchTerm=Aloe%20vera&SearchCat= BHL] | *[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/search.aspx?SearchTerm=Aloe%20vera&SearchCat= BHL] | ||
*[http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropFindForm FAO Ecocrop] | *[http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropFindForm FAO Ecocrop] | ||
| − | *[http:// | + | *[http://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/a/aloes027.html Grieve's herbal] |
| − | + | *[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=311403 GRIN] | |
| − | *[ | + | |
*[http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Aloe%20vera&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html IPNI] | *[http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Aloe%20vera&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html IPNI] | ||
| − | *[http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/ | + | *[http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/apex/f?p=185:46:2549975769812::NO::module,mf_use,source,akzanz,rehm,akzname,taxid:mf,,botnam,0,,Aloe%20vera,26120 Mansfeld] |
| − | + | ||
*[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Aloe.html Multilingual Plant Name Database] | *[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Aloe.html Multilingual Plant Name Database] | ||
| − | *[ | + | *[https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/nexus/aloe.html NewCrop Purdue] |
*[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Aloe+vera Plant List] | *[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Aloe+vera Plant List] | ||
*[http://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Aloe%20vera Plants for a future] | *[http://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Aloe%20vera Plants for a future] | ||
| − | *[ | + | *[[Aloe vera (PROSEA)|PROSEA on Pl@ntUse]] |
*[[Aloe vera (PROTA)|PROTA on Pl@ntUse]] | *[[Aloe vera (PROTA)|PROTA on Pl@ntUse]] | ||
| − | *[ | + | *[https://www.tela-botanica.org/bdtfx-nn-85648 Tela Botanica] |
*[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Aloe%20vera Useful Tropical Plants Database] | *[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Aloe%20vera Useful Tropical Plants Database] | ||
| − | *[https:// | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloe%20vera Wikipedia] |
*[http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Aloe%20vera Wikiphyto] | *[http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Aloe%20vera Wikiphyto] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Aloe]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:09, 15 September 2022
Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f.
| Order | Asparagales |
|---|---|
| Family | Asphodelaceae |
| Genus | Aloe |
2n = 14
Origin : North-East Africa
cultivated
| English | Aloe vera |
|---|---|
| French | aloès |
Uses summary
- medicinal :
- exudate : laxative, purgative, vermifuge
- gel : skin affections
- gel used in the manufacture of jellies, drinks and ice cream
- gel: food supplement
- leaves and seeds are consumed as vegetables
- ornemental
Contents
Description
1, plant habit; 2, part of inflorescence; 3, flower in longitudinal section (PROSEA, P. Verheij-Hayes)
habit
leaves
flowers
flowers
Aloe vera cultivation
Aloe vera cultivation in Lanzarote (Canary Islands)
cut leaf showing the gel
- stemless or short-stemmed plant, stoloniferous
- fleshy lanceolate leaves, 30 to 60 cm long, ending in a fine point, prickly toothed
- inflorescence on a stipe up to 1.2 m, with lanceolate or ovate, pointed bracts
- yellow flowers 2.5 cm long in dense clusters of 10 to 30 cm
- fruit: dehiscent capsule
- black seeds
Popular names
| English | aloe vera, Barbados aloe, coastal aloe, Curaçao aloe, Indian aloe, medicinal aloe, Mediterranean aloe, true aloe, West Indian aloe |
| French | aloès, aloès vulgaire, aloe vera |
| Guyanese creole | aloé [lalwès, lalowès] (Pharma. Guyane) |
| Palikur | punamna arib (Pharma. Guyane) |
| Portuguese | aloés, aloé vera, aloés de Barbados, caraguatá, erva babosa, babosa, azebre vegetal |
| Philippines | sabila (Tagalog), dilang-buwaya (Bikol), dilang-halo (Bisaya) (PROSEA) |
| Indonesia | lidah buaya (PROSEA) |
| Malaysia | lidah buaya (Peninsular), bunga raja raja (Sabah) (PROSEA) |
| Thaïland | waan faimai (northern), waan hang chorakhe, haang takhe (central) (PROSEA) |
| Vietnam | lô hội, lư hội, nha dảm (PROSEA) |
Classification
Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (1768) (between March 1st and April 6th)
basionym :
- Aloe perfoliata var. vera L. (1753)
synonyms :
- Aloe barbadensis Mill. (1768) (April 16th, after Burman)
- Aloe indica Royle (1840), nom. nud.
Cultivars
History
aloê folio 15r, Dioscoride, Codex Vindobonensis Med. Gr. I
kadanaku vol. 11 pl. 3 Rheede 1692, Hortus malabaricus
Descourtilz, 1822, Medicinal Flora of the West Indies
_(8203076070).jpg)
Uses
In addition to its laxative properties, this species is employed for dyeing.
The harvest of the "aloes" is described in CHOPRA et al. (1960) : "après avoir pratiqué une incision sur une feuille tournée vers le bas, il s'en échappe un liquide jaunâtre qui forme, fréquemment, de petites masses vasculaires. Concentré puis solidifié, par refroidissement, ce liquide fournit le produit commercial appelé aloes". Translation : after making an incision on a leaf turned downwards, a yellowish liquid escapes from it, which frequently forms small vascular masses. When concentrated and then solidified by cooling, this liquid provides the commercial product called aloes
The "juice" from the leaves of this Liliaceae with anthracene heterosides is used in medicine as "laxative and purgative" (PARIS and DILLEMAN, 1960; PARIS and MOYSE, 1967). These properties of Aloe vera (ar. = Sabara) are also reported by LEMORDANT et al. (1977).
The leaves of "aloes" are possibly used in mixture with henna in the region of Zarzis in order to obtain a "dye" of wool of beige shade (COUSTILLAC, 1958).
Since about 1650 it has been cultivated for drug production on Barbados isl. Frequently cultivated and locally naturalized in subtropical and tropical regions around the world. The drug is processed from the bitter, yellow leaf sap by drying. It is used in the human and veterinary medicine; it is also important as constituent of cremes, emulsions and shampoo. A dye is produced from the leaves which is used for staining clothes. The species plays a role in magic and religious rituals in several countries. Also cultivated as hedge plant and ornamental. Intensive studies are underway on its secondary metabolites, useful for medicine. This species had been used as drug already in the antiquity. It had been presumably brought into the New World by the Spaniards. Agarwal (1988) mentioned A. abyssinica, called "desi kwar", to be used in western parts of India. This is, indeed not this species but a variety of A. barbadensis.
Mansfeld.
References
- Bekele-Tesemma, Azene, 2007. Useful trees and shrubs for Ethiopia. Identification, propagation and management for 17 agroclimatic zones. Nairobi, ICRAF - RELMA. 550 p. (Technical Manual 6). See article
- Chauvet, Michel, 2018. Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 82)
- Grenand, Pierre ; Moretti, Christian ; Jacquemin, Henri & Prévost, Marie-Françoise, 2004. Pharmacopées traditionnelles en Guyane. Créoles, Wayãpi, Palikur. 2e édition revue et complétée. Paris, IRD. 816 p. (1ère éd.: 1987). See on Pl@ntUse.
- TRAMIL, Pharmacopée végétale caribéenne, éd. scient. L. Germosén-Robineau. 2014. 3e éd. Santo Domingo, Canopé de Guadeloupe. 420 p. See on Pl@ntUse
