Difference between revisions of "Diospyros kaki"
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*non ''Diospyros kaki'' L.f. (1781) | *non ''Diospyros kaki'' L.f. (1781) | ||
*''Diospyros chinensis'' Blume (1823), nom. nudum | *''Diospyros chinensis'' Blume (1823), nom. nudum | ||
| − | [[File:Persimmon(non astringent & astringent).jpg|thumb|250px|upper fruit: non astringent, unripe (left) and mellowed (right); lower fruit:astringent, unripe (left) and mellowed right. (Vineyard)]] | + | [[File:Persimmon(non astringent & astringent).jpg|thumb|250px|upper fruit: non astringent, unripe (left) and mellowed (right);<br>lower fruit:astringent, unripe (left) and mellowed right. (Vineyard)]] |
The pomological classification recognizes four groups: | The pomological classification recognizes four groups: | ||
Revision as of 18:31, 7 December 2012
Diospyros kaki Thunb.
| Order | Ericales |
|---|---|
| Family | Ebenaceae |
| Genus | Diospyros |
2n = 6x = 90
Origin : subtropical China
cultivated
| English | {{{english}}} |
|---|---|
| French | {{{french}}} |
Contents
Popular names
- English: persimmon
- French: kaki
see more European common names
- Hindi: halwa tendu
- Assam: dieng-iong, soh-tang-jong
- Japanese: kaki
- Chinese: shì
- Indonesia: kesemek, buah kaki (PROSEA)
- Malaysia: buah kaki, buah samak (PROSEA)
- Cambodia: tonloëp (PROSEA)
- Thailand: phlap chin (central) (PROSEA)
- Vietnam: thi, hông (PROSEA)
Biology
- kaki through the seasons
flower
end of flowering
green fruit
tree in autumn
Classification
Diospyros kaki Thunb. (1780)
synonyms:
- non Diospyros kaki L.f. (1781)
- Diospyros chinensis Blume (1823), nom. nudum
.jpg)
The pomological classification recognizes four groups:
PCA Group (Pollination constant astringent)
The fruit pulp is not influenced by pollination. The fruit is unedible when harvested, and must become mushy to be traded and eaten, which makes them difficiult to handle. Known cultivars are 'Costata' and 'Lycopersicon' in Italy, and 'Hachiya' (conical), 'Tamopan' and 'Tane-nashi' (spherical) in California.
PCNA Group (Pollination constant non astringent)
The fruit is not astringent (even if seedless), and can be eaten when still crisp, as an apple. Israel sells them as 'Sharon fruit', and they are known in French as kaki-pomme. A common cultivar is 'Fuyu' ou 'Fuyugaki'.
PVA Group (Pollination variable astringent)
Parthenocarpic fruits, or fruits with few seeds, have a pale and astringent pulp. Pollinated fruits with many seeds have a pulp which turns brown and loses its astringence. Cultivated in Italy ('Kaki Tipo') and California ('Hyakume', 'Okame', 'Yemon', 'Yeddo-ichi'). Commercial names often refer to chocolate, cinnamon or brown sugar.
PVNA Group (Pollination variable non astringent)
The fruit remains astringent. 'Aizumishirazu', 'Hiratanenashi'
Cultivars
File:Diospyros kaki 2006-120-21.jpg sharon File:Diospyros kaki 'Fuyu' 20101209 b.jpg File:Kesemek2.jpg coleur bleutée due à quoi ?
History
The probable progenitor of this hexaploid species is the wild diploid species Diospyros roxburghii Carr. (1872) (2n = 30).
Uses
- various dried persimmons
hanging for drying in front of an old house near Daedunsan (Korea)
at Kanzo yashiki ("licorice house"), Koshu city, Yamanashi (Japan)
Drying persimmon in Japan
- Fichier:Orderly dried fruit.jpg
in Xi'an, China
Kakibase, house to make anpogaki), a sulfur-dried Persimmon, made in Fukushima (Japan)
dried gotgam persimmons in Korea
Ethnology
References
- Drouet François. Classification actuelle des variétés de Diospyros kaki. on line (fr).
- Evreinoff V.-A., 1948. Le Plaqueminier du Japon ou Kaki. Fruits d'Outre-Mer, 3(4), 124-132.on line (fr).
- Ragazzini Domenico, 1983. La coltivazione del kaki. Bologna, Edagricole. 164 p. (Coll. Frutticoltura moderna).
- Sugiura A. & Taira S., 2009. Dried persimmon production in Japan. in Proc. IVth International Symposium on Persimmon (eds. E. Bellini & E. Giordani). Acta Hort., 833: 71-76.
- PROSEA 2, 1991. Plant resources of South-East Asia. vol. 2. Edible fruits and nuts. ed. by E.W.M. Verheij & R.E. Coronel. Wageningen, PUDOC/PROSEA. (Bogor, PROSEA, 1992). 447 p.
- Wealth of India (The), 1952. A dictionary of Indian raw materials and industrial products. Vol. 3. Raw materials : D-E. New-Delhi, Council of scientific and industrial research. XX-236-XXX p., 22 pl., index vol. 1-3.
