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== Synonyms ==
*''Citrus aurantium'' L. var. ''grandis'' L. (1753), *''Citrus grandis'' (L.) Osbeck (1757), *''Citrus decumana'' L. (1767).
== Vernacular names ==
*Pummelo, shaddock, pomelo (En). *Pamplemoussier (Fr)
*Indonesia: jeruk besar, jeruk bali
*Malaysia: jambua, limau betawi, limau bali
== Description ==
*Tree, 5-10(-15) m tall, low-branching; branches spreading, spiny (seed propagation) or spineless (vegetative propagation), spines up to 5 cm long; young parts manifestly pubescent. *Leaves ovate to elliptical, 5-10(-20) cm × 2-5(-12) cm, base rounded to subcordate, margin entire to shallowly crenate, apex obtusely acute, glandular dotted; petiole broadly winged, up to 7 cm wide, wing obcordate. *Inflorescences axillary, with a cluster of a few flowers or a single flower; flowers large, 2-3 cm long in bud, 3-5 cm wide when fully expanded, pentamerous, puberulous; petals creamy-white; stamens 20-25(-35); ovary with 11-16 loculi. *Fruit a subglobose to pyriform berry, 10-20(-30) cm in diameter, greenish-yellow, densely glandular dotted; peel 1-3(-4) cm thick; segments with large, pale yellow or pink pulp-vesicles, filled with sweetish juice. *Seeds usually few, large, plump, ridged, yellowish, monoembryonic.
== Growth and development ==
Pummelo is particularly susceptible to bacterial canker, also on the fruit, following fruit fly stings. Frequent spraying with copper fungicides in Thailand does not give adequate control. Root rot, gummosis on the trunk and brown rot of the fruit, all caused by ''Phytophthora'' fungi, appear to shorten the life of many trees in South-East Asia, even though pummelo is not rated as very susceptible.
All the citrus pests seem to be at home on the pummelo, including the obnoxious leaf miners ''Phyllocnistis citrella'' (in Java it has been recommended to protect young trees with a mosquito net!), leaf-eating caterpillars, fruit-boring caterpillar ( ''Citripestis'' sp.), scales, red mites, fruit flies, nematodes and vermin (rats).
== Harvesting ==
== Literature ==
* Chaiwongkeit, D. & Chaireongyod, T., 1988. Som O. [The pummelo]. Bangkok. 76 pp.
* Martin, F.W. & Cooper, W.C., 1977. Cultivation of neglected tropical fruits with promise. Part 3: The pummelo. ARS-S-157, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans. 17 pp.
* Ochse, J.J., Soule, M.J., Dijkman, M.J. & Wehlburg, C., 1961. Tropical and subtropical agriculture. Vol. 1. Macmillan, New York, pp. 486-488.
== Authors ==
