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<big>''[[Stadmannia oppositifolia]]'' Lam.</big>
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Stadmannia oppositifolia'' (PROTA)}}
:Protologue: Tab. encycl. 2(2): 443 (1793).
:Family: Sapindaceae
== Vernacular names ==
The bark is rich in saponin. Stems and leaves contain phenols, flavonoids, flavans, saponosides and tannins.
== Botany Description ==
Monoecious small tree up to 10(–30) m tall; bark surface smooth, finely fissured, flaking, yellow to brown, often mottled, inner bark pinkish; twigs rusty or tawny hairy, becoming glabrous. Leaves alternate, paripinnately compound with (1–)2–4 pairs of leaflets; stipules absent; petiole 3–7 cm long, rachis 4–20 cm long; petiolules 1–7 mm long; leaflets opposite, elliptical, 4–15 cm × 2.5–6.5 cm, lowest pair smallest, asymmetrically cuneate at base, rounded or notched at apex, margins entire, thick leathery, glabrous apart from the midrib, pinnately veined with 10–16 pairs of indistinct lateral veins. Inflorescence an axillary, false raceme 4–12 cm long. Flowers unisexual, regular, yellow, scented; pedicel 2–3 mm long, elongating up to 5 mm in fruit; calyx cup-shaped, c. 0.5 mm long, shallowly 5-lobed; petals absent; stamens 8, free, hairy or glabrous; ovary superior, hairy, 3-lobed and 3-celled, style short, thick, 3-furrowed; male flowers with rudimentary ovary, female flowers with reduced stamens. Fruit an ovoid capsule 1–2 cm in diameter, golden yellow when ripe, shortly soft-hairy, dehiscing, 1-seeded, 2 abortive carpels remaining attached. Seed globose or ovoid, c. 1 cm in diameter, chestnut brown, with red aril nearly completely covering the seed.
== Other botanical information == ''Stadmannia'' comprises 6 species, 5 of which are endemic to Madagascar. Two subspecies have been distinguished in ''Stadmannia oppositifolia''. Subsp. ''rhodesica'' Exell is confined to Zimbabwe and northern South Africa, and distinguished by its smaller leaflets. All other ''Stadmannia'' species in Madagascar are medium-sized trees up to 30(–35) m tall and yield appreciated timber used for similar purposes as that of ''Stadmannia oppositifolia''. Most important are ''[[Stadmannia acuminata]]'' Capuron and ''[[Stadmannia leandrii]]'' Capuron. Additionally, the fresh leaves of ''[[Stadmannia glauca]]'' Capuron are mashed and eaten or taken in infusion to improve vision, especially night vision.
== Ecology ==
== Author(s) ==
* C.H. Bosch , PROTA Network Office Europe, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 341, 6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands
== Correct citation of this article ==
Bosch, C.H., 2011. '''Stadmannia oppositifolia''' Lam. [Internet] Record from PROTA4U. In: Lemmens, R.H.M.J., Louppe, D. & Oteng-Amoako, A.A. (Editors). PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa / Ressources végétales de l’Afrique tropicale), Wageningen, Netherlands. <http://www.prota4u.org/search.asp>. Accessed {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}.
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[[Category:PROTA prov]][[Category:Timbers (PROTA)]]
