Changes

*''Crinum amabile'' Donn. (1811), *''Crinum macrantherum'' Engl. (1886), *''Crinum defixum'' auct. non Ker Gawl., *''Crinum macrophyllum'' Hallier (1913).

*Crinum lily, poison bulb (En). *Crinole asiatique (Fr)

*A variable herb, 1-1.8 m tall, bulb about 5-15 cm in diameter, many bulblets present, false stem up to 50 cm long, clothed with old leaf sheaths; leaves .*Leaves 20-30, narrowly to broadly elliptical, 50-150 cm × 3.5-20 cm, lower horizontal, upper semi-erect, margins entire, smooth; umbel 10-50-flowered, scape 50-100 cm long, bracts 9-16 cm × 3-5 cm, pale; flowers .*Flowers fragrant at night, corolla tube straight, 8-13 cm long, 4-5 mm in diameter, lobes lanceolate, 6-12 cm × 0.5-1.2 cm, white, sometimes pink, pedicel 0.5-2.5 cm long, filaments of stamens slender, 3.5-7 cm long, anthers straight, 12-25 mm long, yellow, turning purple; capsule .*Capsule subglobose, 2.5 cm in diameter, beaked, pericarp fleshy, yellowish-green, 1-5-seeded; seed .*Seed ovoid, often angular.  ''C. asiaticum'' is extremely polymorphic, and found along sandy shores and shaded, humid localities at low altitudes. The pink-red flowered form was formerly known under the name ''C. amabile'' . ''C. asiaticum'' var. ''sinicum'' Baker, St. John’s lily, has larger flowers than the type form, and var. ''declinatum'' Baker has deflexed flower buds, and the tips of the perianth lobes are tinged red.

*[24] Ahmad, M., 1996. Cytotoxic activity of the leaf extract of Crinum asiaticum Linn. Australian Journal of Medical Herbalism 8(1): 3—6.*[74] Backer, 130C.A. & Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr,R.C., 1964—1968. Flora of Java. 3 volumes. Noordhoff, Groningen, the Netherlands. Vol. 1 (1964) 647 pp., Vol. 2 (1965) 641 pp., Vol. 3 (1968) 761 pp.*[130] Bruneton, J., 1995. Pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, medicinal plants. Technique & Documentation Lavoisier, Paris, France. 915 pp.* [135] Burkill, I.H., 1966. A dictionary of the economic products of the Malay Peninsula. Revised reprint. 2 volumes. Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operatives, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Vol. 1 (A-HA—H) pp. 1-12401—1240, Vol. 2 (I-ZI—Z) pp. 1241-24441241—2444. *[171] Chattopadhyay,S., Chattopadhyay, U., Mathur, P.P., Saini, K.S. & Ghosal, S., 1983. Effects of hippadine, and Amaryllidaceae alkaloid, on testicular function in rats. Planta Medica 49(4): 252—254.* [215] Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, 1948-19761948—1976. The wealth of India: a dictionary of Indian raw materials & industrial products. 11 volumes. Publications and Information Directorate, New Delhi, India.*[263] Doan Thi Nhu, Do Huy Bich, Pham Kim Man, Nguyen Thuong Thuc, Bui Xuan Chuong & Pham Duy Mai (Editors), 1990. Les plantes médicinales au Vietnam. Livre 2. Médicine traditionelle et pharmacopée [The medicinal plants of Vietnam. Volume 2. Traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia]. Agence de coopération Culturelle et Technique, Paris, France. 189 pp.*[346] Ghosal, S., Shanthy, A., Kumar, A. & Kumar, Y., 1985. Palmilycorine and lycoriside: acyloxy and acylglucosyloxy alkaloids from Crinum asiaticum. Phytochemistry 24(11): 2703—2706.*[407] Heyne, K., 1950. De nuttige planten van Indonesië [The useful plants of Indonesia]. 3rd Edition. 2 volumes. W. van Hoeve, 's-Gravenhage, the Netherlands/Bandung, Indonesia. 1660 + CCXLI pp.*[418] Holdsworth, D.K., 1977. Medicinal plants of Papua New Guinea. Technical Paper No 175. South Pacific Commission, Noumea, New Caledonia. 123 pp.*[610] Likhitwitayawuid, K., Angerhofer, C.K., Chai, H., Pezzuto, J.M., Cordell, G.A. & Ruangrungsi, N., 1993. Cytotoxic and antimalarial alkaloids from the bulbs of Crinum amabile. Journal of Natural Products 56(8): 1331—1338.*[696] Morton, J.F., 1981. Atlas of medicinal plants of Middle America. Bahamas to Yucatan. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, United States. 1420 pp.*[700] Mujib, A., Bandopadhyay, S., Jana, B.K. & Ghosh, P.D., 1996. Growth regulators involvement and somatic embryogenesis in Crinum asiaticum. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology 1(2): 84—87.*[739] Nguyen Van Duong, 1993. Medicinal plants of Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos. Mekong Printing, Santa Ana, California, United States. 528 pp.*[786] Perry, L.M., 1980. Medicinal plants of East and Southeast Asia. Attributed properties and uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States & London, United Kingdom. 620 pp.*[788] Pételot, A., 1952—1954. Les plantes médicinales du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam [The medicinal plants of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam]. 4 volumes. Centre National de Recherches Scientifiques et Techniques, Saigon, Vietnam.*[867] Saralamp, P., Chuakul, W., Temsiririrkkul, R. & Clayton, T. (Editors), 1996. Medicinal plants in Thailand. Vol. I. Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. 219 pp.

== Main genus page ==* Holdsworth, D.K., 1977. Medicinal plants of Papua New Guinea. Technical Paper No 175. South Pacific Commission, Noumea, New Caledonia. 123 pp., 610, 696, 700, 739, 786, 788, 867.[[Crinum (PROSEA)|''Crinum'']]

*Wardah