Helianthus annuus
Revision as of 15:45, 26 November 2012 by Michel Chauvet (Talk | contribs)
Revision as of 15:45, 26 November 2012 by Michel Chauvet (Talk | contribs)
Helianthus annuus L.
Order | Asterales |
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Family | Compositae |
Genus | Helianthus |
2n = 34
Origin : United States and Mexico
wild and cultivated
English | {{{english}}} |
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French | {{{french}}} |
Popular names
- English: sunflower
- French: tournesol
see more European names
Biology
Classification
- subsp. lenticularis (Dougl.) Cockerell (1914) is the wild form from western North America. It is many branches with small heads.
- subsp. annuus var. annuus is a weedy form from eastern North America.
- subsp. annuus var. macrocarpus (DC). Cockerell (1914) includes cultivated forms, which have only one stem and a terminal big head.
Cultivars
- Cultivars used for their seeds eaten as snacks have usually big heads and big akenes striped with brown and white.
- Cultivars grown for the extraction of oil have small heads and small black akenes.
- Usual oil sunflower cultivars give an oil with 24% oleic acid and 65% linoleic acid.
- High oleic cultivars give an oil with 50% to 90% oleic acid. They must be grown in isolation from
History
Chrysanthemum perunianum (Dodoens 1568)
Chrysanth. perunianum (Dodoens 1569)
Chrysanthemum peruvianum (Dodoens 1583)
It comes from the same wood engraving. It represents a cultivated type with only one big head. Leaves are drawn as alternate, although they are in fact opposite decussate.
During centuries, sunflower was grown as an ornamental. Targioni-Tozzetti mentions it as an ornamental, and Candolle omits it because he did not deal with ornamentals.
Read Targioni-Tozzetti (1853), Gray & Trumbull (1883) and Sturtevant (1919) articles.
Uses
References
Links
- Ecocrop
- GRIN
- IPNI
- Mansfeld
- Moerman: search with Helianthus annuus.
- Plants for a Future
- Purdue New Crops
- Prota4U