Changes

*White pear, pear wood (En). *Bois bleu, bois Marie, peau gris (Fr). *Mlambusi, mbage (Sw).

*Much-branched shrub or small to medium-sized tree up to 25 m tall; bole branchless for up to 15 m, fluted in large trees, up to 70 cm in diameter; bark surface smooth, grey, flaking off in patches, inner bark thin; twigs purplish green, glabrous to sparsely pale brown hairy, becoming grey-brown with pale lenticels. *Leaves alternate, simple; stipules absent; petiole 1–3 cm long, channelled above, pinkish; blade ovate-elliptical to broadly elliptical or oblong, 2–15 cm × 1.5–8 cm, base broadly cuneate, apex notched to obtuse, acute or short-acuminate, margin entire or sometimes wavy and slightly recurved, thin-leathery, glabrous, pinnately veined with inconspicuous lateral veins. *Inflorescence a terminal panicle, sometimes axillary, many-flowered. *Flowers bisexual, regular, 5-merous, sweet-scented, sessile or with short pedicel; calyx cup-shaped, up to 0.5 mm long, with deltoid lobes; petals free, linear, c. 5 mm × 1 mm, white; stamens alternating with petals; ovary superior, ovoid, c. 0.5 mm long, glabrous or hairy, with a fleshy lateral lobe, 1-celled, style eccentric, persistent. *Fruit an obliquely oblong-obovoid to nearly round, laterally compressed drupe 0.5–1 cm long, glabrous or sparsely short-hairy, when ripe black with large red lobe, with a persistent style; stone 1-seeded.

*Growth rings: 2: growth ring boundaries indistinct or absent. *Vessels: 5: wood diffuse-porous; 9: vessels exclusively solitary (90% or more); 14: scalariform perforation plates; (15: scalariform perforation plates with <font size="1">≤</font> 10 bars); 16: scalariform perforation plates with 10–20 bars; 17: scalariform perforation plates with 20–40 bars; (18: scalariform perforation plates with <font size="1">≥</font> 40 bars); 21: intervessel pits opposite; 25: intervessel pits small (4–7 μm); 26: intervessel pits medium (7–10 μm); 30: vessel-ray pits with distinct borders; similar to intervessel pits in size and shape throughout the ray cell; 41: mean tangential diameter of vessel lumina 50–100 μm; 42: mean tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100–200 μm; 48: 20–40 vessels per square millimetre; (58: gums and other deposits in heartwood vessels). *Tracheids and fibres: 62: fibres with distinctly bordered pits; 63: fibre pits common in both radial and tangential walls; 66: non-septate fibres present; (69: fibres thin- to thick-walled); 70: fibres very thick-walled. *Axial parenchyma: 76: axial parenchyma diffuse; 77: axial parenchyma diffuse-in-aggregates; 78: axial parenchyma scanty paratracheal; 93: eight (5–8) cells per parenchyma strand; 94: over eight cells per parenchyma strand. *Rays: 97: ray width 1–3 cells; (98: larger rays commonly 4- to 10-seriate); (102: ray height > 1 mm); 107: body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2–4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells; 108: body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells; 115: 4–12 rays per mm. *Mineral inclusions: (136: prismatic crystals present); (138: prismatic crystals in procumbent ray cells); (139: prismatic crystals in radial alignment in procumbent ray cells).

{{right|(L. Awoyemi, P.E. Gasson & P. Baas)}}

* Bolza, E. & Keating, W.G., 1972. African timbers: the properties, uses and characteristics of 700 species. Division of Building Research, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia. 710 pp.

* Coates Palgrave, K., 2002. Trees of southern Africa. 3rd Edition. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, South Africa. 1212 pp.

* Lucas, G.L.L., 1968. Icacinaceae. In: Milne-Redhead, E. & Polhill, R.M. (Editors). Flora of Tropical East Africa. Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations, London, United Kingdom. 18 pp.

* Mbambezeli, G., 2003. Apodytes dimidiata. [Internet] South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch, South Africa. http://www.plantzafrica.com/ frames/ plantsfram.htm. March 2012.

* Neuwinger, H.D., 2000. African traditional medicine: a dictionary of plant use and applications. Medpharm Scientific, Stuttgart, Germany. 589 pp.

* Seydack, A.H.W., Vermeulen, W.J., Heyns, H.E., Durrheim, G.P., Vermeulen, C., Willems, D., Ferguson, M.A., Huisamen, J. & Roth, J., 1995. An unconventional approach to timber yield regulation for multi-aged, multispecies forests. II. Application to a South African forest. Forest Ecology and Management 77: 155–168.

* Shweta, S., Zuehlke, S., Ramesha, B.T., Priti, V., Mohana Kumar, P., Ravikanth, G., Spiteller, M., Vasudeva, R. & Uma Shaanker, R., 2009. Endophytic fungal strains of Fusarium solani, from Apodytes dimidiata E. Mey. ex Arn. (Icacinaceae) produce camptothecin, 10 hydroxycamptothecin and 9-methoxycamptothecin. Phytochemistry 71(1): 117–122.

* Takahashi, A., 1978. Compilation of data on the mechanical properties of foreign woods (part 3) Africa. Shimane University, Matsue, Japan. 248 pp.

* Vollesen, K., 1989. Icacinaceae. In: Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (Editors). Flora of Ethiopia. Volume 3. Pittosporaceae to Araliaceae. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Department of Systematic Botany, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. pp. 348–352.

* Bekele-Tesemma, A., Birnie, A. & Tengnäs, B., 1993. Useful trees and shrubs for Ethiopia: identification, propagation and management for agricultural and pastoral communities. Technical Handbook No 5. Regional Soil Conservation Unit/SIDA, Nairobi, Kenya. 474 pp.

* Boiteau, P., Boiteau, M. & Allorge-Boiteau, L., 1999. Dictionnaire des noms malgaches de végétaux. 4 Volumes + Index des noms scientifiques avec leurs équivalents malgaches. Editions Alzieu, Grenoble, France.

* Boutique, R., 1960. Icacinaceae. In: Robyns, W., Staner, P., Demaret, F., Germain, R., Gilbert, G., Hauman, L., Homès, M., Jurion, F., Lebrun, J., Vanden Abeele, M. & Boutique, R. (Editors). Flore du Congo belge et du Ruanda-Urundi. Spermatophytes. Volume 9. Institut National pour l’Étude Agronomique du Congo belge, Brussels, Belgium. pp. 237–278.

* Brackenbury, T.D., Appleton, C.C. & Thurman, G., 1997. Mammal toxicity assessment of the plant molluscicide, Apodytes dimidiata (Icacinaceae), in South Africa. Acta Tropica 65(3): 155–162.

* Clark, T.E. & Appleton, C.C., 1997. The molluscicidal activity of Apodytes dimidiata E. Meyer ex Arn. (Icacinaceae), Gardenia thunbergia L.f. (Rubiaceae) and Warburgia salutaris (Bertol. f.) Chiov. (Cannelaceae), three South African plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 56: 15–30.

* Clark, T.E., Appleton, C.C. & Drewes, S.E., 1997. A semi-quantitative approach to the selection of appropriate candidate plant molluscicides – a South African application. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 56: 1–13.

* Drewes, S.E., Kayonga, L., Clark, T.E., Brackenbury, T.D. & Appleton, C.C., 1996. Iridoid molluscicidal compounds from Apodytes dimidiata. Journal of Natural Products 59(12): 1169–1170.

* Foubert, K., Cuyckens, F., Matheeussen, A., Vlietinck, A., Apers, S., Maes, L. & Pieters, L., 2011. Antiprotozoal and antiangiogenic saponins from Apodytes dimidiata. Phytochemistry 72(11–12): 1414–1423.

* Harinantenaina, L., Mananjarasoa, E. & Yamasaki, K., 2006. An acetylated eudesmane glucoside from Apodytes dimidiata growing in Madagascar. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 61b: 113–115.

* Keay, R.W.J., 1958. Icacinaceae. In: Keay, R.W.J. (Editor). Flora of West Tropical Africa. Volume 1, part 2. 2nd Edition. Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations, London, United Kingdom. pp. 636–644.

* Kokwaro, J.O., 1993. Medicinal plants of East Africa. 2nd Edition. Kenya Literature Bureau, Nairobi, Kenya. 401 pp.

* Labat, J.-N., Rabevohitra, R. & El-Achkar, E., 2006. Révision synoptique du genre Apodytes (Icacinaceae) à Madagascar et aux Comores. Adansonia, sér. 3, 28(2) : 379–387.

* Maundu, P. & Tengnäs, B. (Editors), 2005. Useful trees and shrubs for Kenya. World Agroforestry Centre - East and Central Africa Regional Programme (ICRAF-ECA), Technical Handbook 35, Nairobi, Kenya. 484 pp.

* Mendes, E.J., 1963. Icacinaceae. In: Exell, A.W., Fernandes, A. & Wild, H. (Editors). Flora Zambesiaca. Volume 2, part 1. Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations, London, United Kingdom. pp. 340–351.

* Peng, H. & Howard, R.A., 2008. Icacinaceae. [Internet] Flora of China. Vol. 11. Science Press, Beijing, China. http://www.efloras.org/ florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=10447. March 2012.

* Potgieter, M.J. & van Wyk, A.E., 1994. Fruit structure of the southern African species of Apodytes E. Meyer ex Arn. (Icacinaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 115: 221–233.

* Potgieter, M.J. & van Wyk, A.E., 1994. Two new species of Apodytes (Icacinaceae) from southern Africa. South African Journal of Botany 60(5): 231–239.

* Seydack, A.H.W., 2004. Schutz und Bewirtschaftung des immergrünen Feuchtwaldes in der Kapprovinz, Südafrika. Forst und Holz 59: 563–566.

* van Daalen, J.C., 1993. The effect of competition on timber growth in a mixed evergreen forest stand. South African Forestry Journal 165: 21–28.

*  L.P.A. Oyen  , PROTA Network Office Europe, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 341, 6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands

Oyen, L.P.A., 2012. '''Apodytes dimidiata''' E.Mey. ex Arn. [Internet] Record from PROTA4U. In: Lemmens, R.H.M.J., Louppe, D. & Oteng-Amoako, A.A. (Editors). PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa / Ressources végétales de l’Afrique tropicale), Wageningen, Netherlands. <http://www.prota4u.org/search.asp>.  Accessed {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}.

[[Category:PROTA prov]][[Category:Timbers (PROTA)]]