Difference between revisions of "Helianthus annuus"
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== Classification == | == Classification == | ||
| + | *subsp. ''lenticularis'' (Dougl.) Cockerell (1914) is the wild form from western North America. It is many branches with small heads. | ||
| + | *subsp. annuus var. annuus is a weedy form from eastern North America. | ||
| + | *subsp. annuus var. macrocarpus (DC). Cockerell (1914) includes cultivated forms, which have only one stem and a terminal big head. | ||
== Cultivars == | == Cultivars == | ||
| + | *Cultivars used for their seeds eaten as snacks have usually big heads and big akenes striped with brown and white. | ||
| + | *Cultivars grown for the extraction of oil have small heads and small black akenes. | ||
| + | **Usual oil sunflower cultivars give an oil with 24% oleic acid and 65% linoleic acid. | ||
| + | **High oleic cultivars give an oil with 50% to 90% oleic acid. They must be grown in isolation from | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
Revision as of 15:45, 26 November 2012
Helianthus annuus L.
| Order | Asterales |
|---|---|
| Family | Compositae |
| Genus | Helianthus |
2n = 34
Origin : United States and Mexico
wild and cultivated
| English | {{{english}}} |
|---|---|
| French | {{{french}}} |
Contents
Popular names
- English: sunflower
- French: tournesol
see more European names
Biology
Classification
- subsp. lenticularis (Dougl.) Cockerell (1914) is the wild form from western North America. It is many branches with small heads.
- subsp. annuus var. annuus is a weedy form from eastern North America.
- subsp. annuus var. macrocarpus (DC). Cockerell (1914) includes cultivated forms, which have only one stem and a terminal big head.
Cultivars
- Cultivars used for their seeds eaten as snacks have usually big heads and big akenes striped with brown and white.
- Cultivars grown for the extraction of oil have small heads and small black akenes.
- Usual oil sunflower cultivars give an oil with 24% oleic acid and 65% linoleic acid.
- High oleic cultivars give an oil with 50% to 90% oleic acid. They must be grown in isolation from
History
- Historical illustrations
Chrysanthemum perunianum (Dodoens 1568)
Chrysanth. perunianum (Dodoens 1569)
Chrysanthemum peruvianum (Dodoens 1583)
It comes from the same wood engraving. It represents a cultivated type with only one big head. Leaves are drawn as alternate, although they are in fact opposite decussate.
During centuries, sunflower was grown as an ornamental. Targioni-Tozzetti mentions it as an ornamental, and Candolle omits it because he did not deal with ornamentals.
Read Targioni-Tozzetti (1853), Gray & Trumbull (1883) and Sturtevant (1919) articles.
Uses
References
Links
- Ecocrop
- GRIN
- IPNI
- Mansfeld
- Moerman: search with Helianthus annuus.
- Plants for a Future
- Purdue New Crops
- Prota4U
