Nephelium lappaceum
Nephelium lappaceum L.
| Ordre | Sapindales |
|---|---|
| Famille | Sapindaceae |
| Genre | Nephelium |
2n = 22
Origine : Asie du Sud-Est
sauvage et cultivé
| Français | ramboutan |
|---|---|
| Anglais | rambutan |
Résumé des usages
- arille du fruit comestible
- graines grillées comestible
- graines : huile alimentaire
- médicinal : fruit, feuilles, écorce, racine
- jeunes pousses et épiderme du fruit : teinture de la soie
Description
arbre
tronc
inflorescence
branches en fruits verts
fruits
fruit ouvert
Noms populaires
| français | ramboutan, litchi chevelu |
| anglais | rambutan |
| allemand | Rambutan |
| néerlandais | ramboetan |
| italien | rambutan |
| espagnol | rambután |
| portugais | rambutão |
| chinois | 红毛丹 - hong mao dan (Flora of China) |
| Philippines | rambutan, usan (PROSEA) |
| Indonésie | rambutan (général), chorogol (sundanais), kakapas (Sumatra) (PROSEA) |
| Malaysia | rambutan (général), buah abong (Kenyah, Sarawak), rangalau (Dusan Ranau, Sabah) (PROSEA) |
| Thaïlande | ngoh, phruan, ngoh paa (péninsule) (PROSEA) |
| Vietnam | chôm chôm, vai thiêù (PROSEA) |
| Cambodge | saaw maaw, ser mon (PROSEA) |
Classification
Nephelium lappaceum L. (1767) ( "lappacea")
Cultivars
Histoire
Hoola van Nooten, 1863-1864, Fleurs, Fruits et Feuillages Choisis de l'Ile de Java
Usages
Grown in SE Asia for a long time. More rarely cultivated in India, Zanzibar, and in the lowlands of Central and northern South America. The fruit has a sweet, juicy, translucent, very tasty arillus and is eaten fresh or used in jams, jellies, or is canned. The seeds are reputedly poisonous when raw. After roasting they yield an edible oil and are eaten. The testa and fruit rind are said to contain tannin and a toxic saponin. The fruit (sometimes also the leaves, the bark, and the root) are employed in local medicine. Young shoots and the fruit rind are used for dyeing silk. Var. lappaceum is the commoly cultivated form and was probably domesticated in the Malayan Penisula. Var. xanthioides (Radlk.) Leenh. (in Blumea 31 (1986) 403) is only distributed in Borneo where it is locally grown as a fruit tree.
Mansfeld.
Références
- Chauvet, Michel, 2018. Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 680)
- Rollet, Bernard et coll., 2010. Arbres des Petites Antilles. Tome 1 : Introduction à la dendrologie. 276 p. Tome 2 : Description des espèces. 866 p. + 46 pl. coul. + CD de photos sur l'anatomie du bois. Basse-Terre, ONF. Voir sur Pl@ntUse.