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Blighia sapida (PROTA)

2 bytes removed, 14:19, 27 March 2017
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[[File:Map Blighia sapida.gif|thumb|distribution in Africa (wild and planted)]]
[[File:Linedrawing Blighia sapida.gif|thumb|1, part of twig with leaf and inflorescence; 2, male flower; 3, female flower; 4, dehisced fruit showing seeds. Source: Flore analytique du Bénin]]
[[File:Blighia sapida 627 TIQUET.jpg|thumb|tree]]1[[File:Blighia sapida jeune fruits Korhogo D LOUPPE.jpg|thumb|tree]]2[[File:Blighia sapida écorce P POILECOT.jpg|thumb|slash]]3[[File:Blighia sapida 631 TIQUET Inflorescences.jpg|thumb|inflorescences]]4[[File:Blighia sapida 628 TIQUET Feuille.jpg|thumb|leave]]5[[File:Blighia sapida feuilles fruits 2 P POILECOT.jpg|thumb|leaves and fruits]]6[[File:Blighia sapida feuilles fruits 3 P POILECOT.jpg|thumb|leaves and fruits]]7[[File:Blighia sapida 629 TIQUET Fruits.jpg|thumb|fruits]]8[[File:Blighia sapida fruits 2 D LOUPPE.jpg|thumb|fruits]]8 bis[[File:Blighia sapida 2f D LOUPPE.jpg|thumb|fruits]]9[[File:Blighia sapida opened fruits Toptropical.jpg|thumb|opened fruit]]10[[File:blighia sapida 630 TIQUET Graine avec arille.jpg|thumb|opened fruit]]11[[File:Blighia sapida 9 ans kgo D LOUPPE.jpg|thumb|plantation of 9 years]]12[[File:Blighia sapida Lataha 11 ans D LOUPPE.jpg|thumb|plantation of 11 years]]13
[[File:Blighia sapida tls J. Ilic Insidewood.jpg|thumb|wood in tangential section]]
[[File:Blighia sapida xs J. Ilic Insidewood.jpg|thumb|wood in transverse section]]
== Vernacular names ==
*Ackee, akee, akee apple, savory akee tree (En). *Aki, fisanier, blighia savoureuse, fausse anacarde, pommier d’aki, arbre fricassé (Fr). *Castanheiro de Africa, castanha de Africa, huevo vegetal castanha (Po).
== Origin and geographic distribution ==
== Description ==
*Usually evergreen, dioecious, small to medium-sized tree up to 25(–30) m tall; bole branchless for up to 15 m and straight and cylindrical, but often much shorter and crooked or twisted, up to 80(–120) cm in diameter, often with small buttresses; bark surface usually smooth but with lenticels in horizontal lines, grey to pale brown, inner bark granular, yellow to brown or pinkish, often mottled orange; crown dense and rounded; young twigs grooved, yellow-orange hairy, becoming glabrous. *Leaves alternate, paripinnately compound with 3–5 pairs of leaflets; stipules absent; petiole 0.5–2.5 cm long, slightly winged, rachis up to 20 cm long; petiolules stout, up to 6 mm long; leaflets opposite, elliptical to obovate, 5–15 cm × 3.5–8 cm, lowest pair smallest, cuneate to rounded at base, rounded to short-acuminate at apex, margins entire or slightly wavy, papery or thinly leathery, dark green, slightly hairy below, pinnately veined with 8–14 pairs of lateral veins. *Inflorescence an axillary, slender false raceme up to 20 cm long, hairy. *Flowers probably functionally unisexual, regular, 5-merous, greenish white to greenish yellow, sweet-scented; pedicel up to 6 mm long, elongating up to 10 mm in fruit; calyx with tube about as long as lobes, 2–3 mm long; petals free, rhomboid, 3–4 mm long, hairy, with a 2-lobed scale on the inner face; stamens 6–10, free, filaments up to 6 mm long, hairy in lower part; ovary superior, hairy, usually 3-lobed and 3-celled, style short; male flowers with rudimentary ovary, female flowers with reduced stamens. *Fruit an obovoid to pear-shaped capsule 3.5–10 cm × 3–5 cm, slightly 3-lobed, yellow to red when ripe, glabrous, dehiscing with 3 woody valves hairy inside, usually 3-seeded. *Seeds ovoid, 2–2.5 cm long, glossy black, with cream-coloured to yellow cup-shaped aril up to 2 cm long at base. *Seedling with hypogeal germination; epicotyl c. 15 cm long, hairy; first 2 leaves opposite, with 3 elliptical or obovate leaflets up to 10 cm × 3.5 cm.
== Other botanical information ==
*Mineral inclusions: 136: prismatic crystals present; 138: prismatic crystals in procumbent ray cells.
{{right|(S. N’Danikou, P.E. Gasson & E.A. Wheeler)}}
== Growth and development ==
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
* C.S. Montes, World Agroforestry Centre, Bamako, Mali
World Agroforestry Centre, Bamako, Mali * D. Louppe , CIRAD, Département Environnements et Sociétés, Cirad es-dir, Campus international de Baillarguet, TA C-DIR / B (Bât. C, Bur. 113), 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
== Correct citation of this article ==
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