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Created page with "{{PROSEAUpperbar}} {{DISPLAYTITLE:''Erythroxylum coca'' (PROSEA)}} <big>''Erythroxylum coca'' Lamk</big> __NOTOC__ :Protologue: Encycl. méth. Bot. 2: 393 (1786). == Syn..."
{{PROSEAUpperbar}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Erythroxylum coca'' (PROSEA)}}
<big>''[[Erythroxylum coca]]'' Lamk</big>
__NOTOC__
:Protologue: Encycl. méth. Bot. 2: 393 (1786).
== Synonyms ==
''Erythroxylum peruvianum'' Prescott (1847), ''Erythroxylum bolivianum'' Burck (1890).
== Vernacular names ==
*Coca, Peru coca, Peruvian coca (En).
== Distribution ==
''E. coca'' var. ''coca'' (Bolivian or Huánoco coca) is widely cultivated in the Andean region, where it locally also occurs wild. It is not easy to cultivate elsewhere, and it is little known in other parts of the world. In South-East Asia, it is only grown in botanical gardens, not as a crop. ''E. coca'' var. ''ipadu'' (Amazonian coca) is only found as cultivated plant in Amazonian lowland rain forest areas.
== Uses ==
''E. coca'' is the most important commercial coca species, cultivated for the legal or illegal production of cocaine. The leaves are used as a masticatory by millions of Indians in South America.
== Observations ==
A shrub or small tree, with very prominent, sometimes warty lenticels on the branches; leaves mainly at the end of the twigs, early caducous, broad-elliptical, 3-8 cm × 2-4 cm, base cuneate, apex acuminate or rounded with a mucronate tip; flowers in clusters of 6-12, rarely more, in the axils of leaves or ramenta, pedicel 4-6 mm, calyx with a 0.2-1 mm long tube and 5 lobes, triangular-ovate, 1-2 mm long, acute, green, petals oblong, 4-4.5 cm × 2 mm, yellow or yellowish green; fruit oblong-ovoid, pointed, 7-10 mm × 3-4.5 mm, red. ''E. coca'' has heterodistylous flowers, and self-pollination or pollination between plants of the same flower type gives few seeds. In Bogor it produces abundant fruit but not much foliage.
== Selected sources ==
193, 379, 432, 466, 549, 555, 682, 683, 684, 880, 1119, 1145, 1146, 1147, 1167, 1178, 1277, 1278, 1301.
== Authors ==
R.C.K. Chung & M. Brink
[[Category:Medicinal plants (PROSEA)]]
[[Category:PROSEA]]
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Erythroxylum coca'' (PROSEA)}}
<big>''[[Erythroxylum coca]]'' Lamk</big>
__NOTOC__
:Protologue: Encycl. méth. Bot. 2: 393 (1786).
== Synonyms ==
''Erythroxylum peruvianum'' Prescott (1847), ''Erythroxylum bolivianum'' Burck (1890).
== Vernacular names ==
*Coca, Peru coca, Peruvian coca (En).
== Distribution ==
''E. coca'' var. ''coca'' (Bolivian or Huánoco coca) is widely cultivated in the Andean region, where it locally also occurs wild. It is not easy to cultivate elsewhere, and it is little known in other parts of the world. In South-East Asia, it is only grown in botanical gardens, not as a crop. ''E. coca'' var. ''ipadu'' (Amazonian coca) is only found as cultivated plant in Amazonian lowland rain forest areas.
== Uses ==
''E. coca'' is the most important commercial coca species, cultivated for the legal or illegal production of cocaine. The leaves are used as a masticatory by millions of Indians in South America.
== Observations ==
A shrub or small tree, with very prominent, sometimes warty lenticels on the branches; leaves mainly at the end of the twigs, early caducous, broad-elliptical, 3-8 cm × 2-4 cm, base cuneate, apex acuminate or rounded with a mucronate tip; flowers in clusters of 6-12, rarely more, in the axils of leaves or ramenta, pedicel 4-6 mm, calyx with a 0.2-1 mm long tube and 5 lobes, triangular-ovate, 1-2 mm long, acute, green, petals oblong, 4-4.5 cm × 2 mm, yellow or yellowish green; fruit oblong-ovoid, pointed, 7-10 mm × 3-4.5 mm, red. ''E. coca'' has heterodistylous flowers, and self-pollination or pollination between plants of the same flower type gives few seeds. In Bogor it produces abundant fruit but not much foliage.
== Selected sources ==
193, 379, 432, 466, 549, 555, 682, 683, 684, 880, 1119, 1145, 1146, 1147, 1167, 1178, 1277, 1278, 1301.
== Authors ==
R.C.K. Chung & M. Brink
[[Category:Medicinal plants (PROSEA)]]
[[Category:PROSEA]]