Changes

| Food security= 1

}}

<big>''[[Anthonotha macrophylla]]'' P.Beauv.</big>

__NOTOC__

{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Anthonotha macrophylla'' (PROTA)}}

:Protologue: Fl. Oware 1: 70, t. 42 (1806).

The in-vitro antiplasmodial activity of the ethanol bark extract is moderate.

Shrub or small to medium-sized tree up to 20 m tall, often straggling with several stems, rarely liana-like; bole often cylindrical, up to 60 cm in diameter; bark slightly fissured, flaking off, greyish, inner bark orange-brown to red with brown exudate; crown spreading; twigs silvery to pale brown short-hairy. Leaves arranged spirally, paripinnately compound with (2–)3(–4) pairs of leaflets; stipules ovate-elliptical, c. 2 mm long, soon caducous; petiole (1–)2–3(–7) cm long, rachis 2.5–11(–16) cm long; petiolules (4–)5–8(–15) mm long; leaflets opposite, obovate-elliptical, up to 20(–30) cm × 7(–16) cm, rounded to slightly cuneate at base, acuminate at apex, silvery to pale brown short-hairy below. Inflorescence an axillary loose panicle, sometimes some together on knob-like structures below the leaves, up to 15(–21) cm long, brown short-hairy. Flowers bisexual or functionally male, zygomorphic, 5-merous, with 2 firm, elliptical bracteoles up to 8 mm × 6 mm at base; pedicel 3–8 mm long; sepals ovate-triangular to oblong, up to 5 mm long, 2 partly fused, others free, glabrous; petals unequal, 1 large with claw 3.5–4(–6) mm long and deeply lobed lamina 3–4.5 mm × 4–6 mm, others small, 1–2(–5) mm long; stamens 3, 10–13 mm long, rudimentary stamens 6, up to 1.5 mm long; ovary superior, sessile, 3–5 mm long, velvety hairy, 1-celled, style slightly longer than stamens. Fruit an oblong pod, sometimes slightly curved, (8–)15–26(–34) cm × 5–7 cm, pointed at apex, prominently veined, brown to almost black, short-hairy, up to 7-seeded. Seeds elliptical, flattened, 5–6 cm × 3.5–5.5 cm, seed coat thin, brittle and dull. Seedling with hypogeal germination; epicotyl 6–8 cm long, hairy; leaves alternate, first leaf with 2 pairs of leaflets.

In Nigeria ''Anthonotha macrophylla'' is reported to flower in April–July and October–December, and to fruit in February and June–September. In Liberia the fruits burst open towards the end of the rainy season, which is an indication for farmers to clear the land and plant rice. In Côte d’Ivoire fruits are ripe in February–March and in Gabon in January–February. The seeds are eaten by colobus monkeys and mandrills. No nodulation of the roots was observed in rainforest in Guinea, but the roots are associated with ectomycorrhizae.

''Anthonotha'' comprises 17 species and is almost completely confined to West and Central Africa, only extending to northern Angola and western Tanzania. Gabon (with 12 species) and Cameroon (10 species) are richest.

== Ecology ==

[[fr:{{PAGENAME}}]]