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*''Solanum campylacanthum'' Hochst. ex A.Rich. (1851), *''Solanum bojeri'' Dunal (1852), *''Solanum delagoense'' Dunal (1852), *''Solanum panduriforme'' E.Mey. ex Dunal (1852).

*Thorn apple, grey bitter apple, bitter tomato, Sodom’s apple (En). *Aubergine sauvage, pomme de Sodome (Fr). *Mtunguja, mtunguja-mwitu, mnyanya-mwitu, mnyanya-porini, mtua, mtula (Sw).

''Solanum'' comprises over 1000 species and has a cosmopolitan distribution, except in boreal, alpine and aquatic habitats. At least 100 species are found in tropical Africa. The principal centre of diversity is located in Central and South America, with secondary centres in Africa and Australia. ''Solanum'' has been subdivided into 7 subgenera and numerous sections and series. ''Solanum incanum'' belongs to subgenus ''Leptostemonum'' section ''Melongena''.  ''Solanum incanum'' is considered here as a single polymorphic species, whereas some authors distinguish 4 groups within the species and others consider each of these groups a different species. ''Solanum incanum'' is considered the ancestor of eggplant (''Solanum melongena'' L.) and the 2 species are therefore considered by some as a single species. In the ethnobotanical literature the distinction of the 4 groups or species is not made and therefore can not be used here.

Several other tropical African species of section ''Melongena'' have medicinal uses.  === ''Solanum arundo'' ===''[[Solanum arundo]]'' Mattei (synonym: ''Solanum diplacanthum'' Dammer) occurs in the coastal lowlands of Somalia, Kenya and Tanzania. In Somalia, the filtrate of the crushed fruits is massaged into the skin to treat itch and scabies. Seeds are soaked in hot oil, which after cooling is applied to aching teeth as an analgesic. In Kenya the roots are pounded and soaked in water or chewed as a cure for fever. The Rendille people of northern Kenya apply fruit juice to wounds on the feet of camels. Sheep and goats browse the plants.  === ''Solanum linnaeanum'' ===''[[Solanum linnaeanum]]'' Hepper & P.M.L.Jaeger, the true ‘Sodom apple’, is a weed that originates from the Mediterranean region and is now widespread throughout tropical Africa. It is used in South Africa for its analgesic properties, to treat wound infections and to counteract bloating.  === ''Solanum marginatum'' ===In Ethiopia the pounded roots of ''[[Solanum marginatum]]'' L.f. are applied to wounds. The roots are chewed and the sap swallowed to cure syphilis. Roots and leaves are steeped in water and the water is applied to scabies; root pulp is given to dogs as a cure for rabies.  === ''Solanum sessilistellatum'' ===In Kenya the root of ''[[Solanum sessilistellatum]]'' Bitter is baked and chewed as a cure for whitlow.

* E.N. Matu , CTMDR/KEMRI, P.O. Box 54840–00200, Nairobi, Kenya

Matu, E.N., 2008. '''Solanum incanum''' L. [Internet] Record from PROTA4U. In: Schmelzer, G.H. & Gurib-Fakim, A. (Editors). PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa / Ressources végétales de l’Afrique tropicale), Wageningen, Netherlands. <http://www.prota4u.org/search.asp>. Accessed {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}.

[[Category:PROTA prov]][[Category:Medicinal plants (PROTA)]]