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<big>''[[Croton sakamaliensis]]'' Leandri</big>
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Croton sakamaliensis'' (PROTA)}}
:Protologue: Ann. Inst. Bot.-Géol. Colon. Marseille sér. 5, 7(1): 54 (1939).
:Family: Euphorbiaceae
== Origin and geographic distribution ==
The plants contain essential oil, which shows significant antibacterial activity against a range of human intestinal pathogens.
== Botany Description ==
Monoecious small shrub up to 1 m tall; stems covered with whitish scales. Leaves in whorls, simple, strongly scented; stipules small, soon falling; petiole c. 2 mm long; blade ovate to lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm × 0.5–1 cm, base rounded, with 2 small, yellow, sessile glands, apex rounded, stellate hairy above, beneath with whitish scales and small red glands. Inflorescence a compact, terminal raceme c. 1 cm long with 4–5 male flowers at end and 2–3 female flowers at base. Flowers unisexual, 5-merous; male flowers with short pedicel, sepals ovate, acute, petals thin, ciliate, stamens 15, free; female flowers with short pedicel c. 2 mm long, sepals small, margin membranaceous, petals rudimentary, ovary superior, rounded, 3-lobed, yellowish hairy, 3-celled, styles 3, each deeply 2-fid. Fruit an ovoid 3-lobed capsule c. 4 mm long, scaly hairy, 3-seeded.
== Other botanical information == ''Croton'' comprises about 1200 species and occurs throughout the warmer regions of the world. It is best represented in the Americas; about 65 species occur in continental Africa and about 125 in Madagascar. Almost 40 species from Madagascar are used in medicine, and several of them resemble morphologically ''Croton sakamaliensis''. === ''Croton bernierus'' and ''isomonensis'' ===A stem bark infusion of ''[[Croton bernierus]]'' Baill. and ''[[Croton isomonensis]]'' Leandri is taken to treat coughs. The aromatic leafy branches are used as mattress fillers to repel insects. === ''Croton stanneum'' ===A bark decoction of ''[[Croton stanneum]]'' Baill. is taken to treat venereal diseases. ''Croton stanneum'' is easy to propagate and sometimes planted in villages. === ''Croton trichotomus'' ===The aromatic leafy branches of ''[[Croton trichotomus]]'' Geiseler are used in fumigation to chase insects in houses.
== Ecology ==
== Author(s) ==
* G.H. Schmelzer , PROTA Network Office Europe, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 341, 6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands
== Correct citation of this article ==
Schmelzer, G.H., 2007. '''Croton sakamaliensis''' Leandri. [Internet] Record from PROTA4U. In: Schmelzer, G.H. & Gurib-Fakim, A. (Editors). PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa / Ressources végétales de l’Afrique tropicale), Wageningen, Netherlands. <http://www.prota4u.org/search.asp>. Accessed {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}.
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[[Category:PROTA prov]][[Category:Medicinal plants (PROTA)]]