Curcuma mangga (PROSEA)

Plant Resources of South-East Asia Introduction

List of species

Curcuma mangga Valeton & Van Zijp

Protologue: Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 2, 27: 50 (1918).

Family: Zingiberaceae

• Indonesia: temu mangga (general), koneng lalab (Sundanese), temo pao (Madurese), temu lalab, kuning pari
• Malaysia: temu pauh (Peninsular)
• Thailand: khamin khao.

Only known from cultivation in Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia and Java.

Unlike most other Zingiberaceae, the main use of C. mangga is as a vegetable. Young tops of rhizomes and also young shoots are eaten, raw or cooked. Inflorescences are eaten cooked.

Rhizomes are part of a mixture given to treat continued fever. They are chewed to cause the womb to contract after childbirth. The starch is recommended by traditional healers to treat abdominal illness.

• Perennial, erect, rhizomatous-tuberous, tillering herb, 50-200 cm tall.
• Rhizome branched, yellowish outside, the top white, inside lemon-coloured to sulphur-yellow with a white outer layer.
• Leaf sheaths 30-65 cm long, blades elliptical-oblong to oblong-oblanceolate, 15-95 cm × 5-23 cm, green.
• Inflorescence on a separate shoot, sprouting laterally from the rhizome; spike cylindrical, 10-20 cm × 3.5-9 cm; bracts green, coma bracts white at base, purple towards the top.
• Corolla 3-4 cm long, white; labellum 15-25 mm × 14-18 mm, white with a yellow median band, other staminodes longitudinally folded, white, anther with long, narrow spurs.

C. mangga is cultivated in very fertile soils, up to 1000 m altitude.

Rhizomes have the smell of young mango fruits. It is propagated from pieces of the rhizome and needs a very fertile soil.

7, 20, 44, 45, 66, 88. vegetables

• Backer, C.A. & Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr, R.C., 1963-1968. Flora of Java. 3 volumes. Noordhoff, Groningen, the Netherlands. Vol. 1 (1963) 647 pp., Vol. 2 (1965) 641 pp., Vol. 3 (1968) 761 pp.
• Balakrishnan, N.P. & Bhargava, N., 1984. The genus Curcuma L. (Zingiberaceae) on Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 81: 510-514.
• Burkill, I.H., 1966. A dictionary of the economic products of the Malay Peninsula. Revised reprint. 2 volumes. Ministry of Agriculture and Co operatives, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Vol. 1 (A-H) pp. 1-1240. Vol. 2 (I- Z) pp. 1241-2444.
• Darwis SN, Madjo Indo, A.B.D. & Hasiyah, S., 1991. Tumbuhan obat famili Zingiberaceae [Medicinal plants of the Zingiberaceae]. Seri Pengembangan No. 17. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Industri, Bogor, Indonesia. 103 pp.
• Dulawan, M.J.K. & Soriano, N.R., 1991. Antibacterial property of gatas gatas plant. BSc thesis pharmacy. Manila Central University, the Philippines.
• Holttum, R.E., 1950. The Zingiberaceae of the Malay Peninsula. Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore 13(1): 1-249.
• Jitoe, A. et al., 1992. Antioxidant activity of tropical ginger extracts and analysis of the contained curcuminoids. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 40(8): 1337-1340.
• Ochse, J.J. & Bakhuizen van den Brink, R.C., 1980. Vegetables of the Dutch East Indies. 3rd English edition (translation of "Indische groenten"", 1931). Asher & Co., Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 1061 pp.
• Perry, L.M., 1980. Medicinal plants of East and Southeast Asia. Attributed properties and uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States & London, United Kingdom. 620 pp.
• Siemonsma, J.S. & Kasem Piluek (Editors), 1993. Plant Resources of South East Asia No 8. Vegetables. Pudoc Scientific Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. 412 pp.
• Supriadi, 1987. Penyakit layu bakteri pada bangle putih dan temu mangga [Bacterial wilt disease on bangle putih (Zingiber cassumunar) and temu mangga (Curcuma mangga)]. Pemberitaan Lembaga Penelitian Tanaman Industri 13(1-2): 28-32.
• Valeton, T., 1918. New notes on the Zingiberaceae of Java and the Malayan Archipelago. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Série II, 27: 1-167.

medicinals

• Curcuma (Medicinal plants)

• Trimurti H. Wardini & Budi Prakoso