Calophyllum ferrugineum (PROSEA)

Plant Resources of South-East Asia Introduction

List of species

Calophyllum ferrugineum Ridley

Protologue: Journ. Roy. As. Soc. Straits Br. 54: 17 (1910).

Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, the Riau Archipelago and northern Borneo (Sarawak, Brunei, Sabah).

The timber is used as bintangor for house construction and masts.

• A medium-sized tree up to 30 m tall with bole up to 50 cm in diameter, without buttresses; twigs obscurely to strongly 4-angled, terminal bud plump to stoutly conical, 2.5-7 mm long.
• Leaves oblong to elliptical, (3-)4-12(-15) cm long, acute at base, retuse to shortly acuminate at apex, with (10-)12-21(-26) veins per 5 mm.
• Inflorescences axillary, usually unbranched, 3-13-flowered; flowers with 4 (rarely 8) tepals.
• Fruit ovoid to ellipsoid, 16-26 mm long, with thin, compact outer layer, greenish or whitish.

Three varieties are distinguished: var. ferrugineum in southern Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and the Riau Archipelago, var. oblongifolium (T. Anderson) P.F. Stevens (synonyms: C. oblongifolium (T. Anderson) Ridley, C. ferrugineum Ridley var. neriifolium (Ridley) M.R. Henderson & Wyatt-Smith, C. kunstleri auct. non King) from central and north-eastern Peninsular Malaysia, and var. orientale P.F. Stevens from north-western Borneo. C. ferrugineum occurs in mixed dipterocarp forest, sometimes in seasonally inundated forest, up to 750 m altitude and it is locally common, sometimes even co-dominant (e.g. in Borneo with Casuarina and Dacrydium species).

1, 33, 100, 102, 648, 779.

• Calophyllum

R.H.M.J. Lemmens (selection of species)