Centaurea squarrosa (Gintzburger et al., 2003)
| Centaurea squarrosa (Gintzburger et al., 2003) |
Centaurea squarrosa Willd.
Local name:
- Russian: Василек растопыренный, Тош какра - vasilek rastopyrennyj, toš kakra
- Uzbek: Tosh kakra
- Turkmen: Yapur
Chromosome numbers: 2n = 36 (Chuksanova et al. 1968a).
Description and morphology: Biennial plant (height 20–70 cm), prostrate with numerous branches growing from base. Stem: singular, erect, from middle/rarely from bottom divaricated, deciduous branched and richly pubescent. Leaves: lower – (15–20 cm long) on long petioles, bipinnate; middle – (1.0–2.2 cm long, 0.4–4 mm wide), sessile pinnate; upper – (0.7–1.0 cm long, 1.5–2.0 mm wide), complete, oblong-linear, sessile. Lobes of leaves linear, slightly pointed from both sides, glandular. Capitulum (4.0–5.0 mm in diameter), numerous, terminal, oblong-oviform or almost cylindrical. Flowers: bisexual; pink or dark violet; corolla 5-lobed. White pappus (1.0–2.7 mm long).
Reproduction: Fruit: achene (3.5–4.2 mm long, 1.3–1.7 cm wide), ribbed with short rigid hairs, greenish-dark brown with yellow stripes on ridges. Dormancy B1 type. Dry storage of seed (3–12 months) and germination at 5–15 °C lift most of dormancy.
Fodder value: Low productivity. Poor value for most animals except camels (% DM): protein 5.9; fat 4.8; cellulose 43; nitrogen-free extract 32; ash 5.6.
Habitat: Occurs on foothills and steppes, on dry stony slopes and as a weed in cultivated fields.
Distribution: Central Asia (Pamir-Alai, Tien Shan, Turkmenistan, Caucasus) and East Asia.
Other: Centaurea sp.