Changes

*An erect spreading shrub or small tree up to 4(-7) m tall; branchlets terete. *Leaves alternate, the majority crowded at the end of the branches, spathulate to obovate, 12-26 cm × 5-10 cm, base attenuate, apex blunt to rounded, margin entire, sinuate to dentate, herbaceous to thin-fleshy, glabrous to shortly tomentose, sessile; stipules absent. *Inflorescence axillary, cymose, laxly branched, about 4 cm long, few-flowered, bracts persistent, peduncle 0.5-2 cm long. *Flowers 5-merous, zygomorphic, 2-2.5 cm long, scentless, white to pale yellow, pedicel 0.3-1.2 cm long, glabrous to densely appressed hairy; calyx adnate to the ovary, lobes linear to narrowly elliptical, 0.2-0.5 cm long, persistent; corolla glabrous to pubescent outside, densely pubescent inside, tube 0.5-1 cm long, lobes membranous, fimbriate towards the base, about 0.5 cm long; ovary inferior, 2-celled, style faintly pubescent at base. *Fruit a fleshy drupe, 1-1.5 cm in diameter, faintly 2-lobed and ribbed, pellucid-white when ripe, stone 0.8 cm × 0.6 cm, 2-seeded. *Seedling with epigeal germination; cotyledons emergent, fleshy; hypocotyl elongated.

''Scaevola'' has a pantropical distribution and comprises about 100 species, most of them endemic to Australia. The genus is divided in 3 sections. The vast majority of species belong to section ''Xerocarpa'' that is almost exclusive to Australia. Section ''Enantiophyllum'' is confined to eastern Malesia and northern Australia, represented by ''S. oppositifolia'' . Confusion is rampant concerning the nomenclature of the strand ''Scaevola'' species, both belonging to section ''Scaevola'' . The widespread variable species are at present classified as 2 species, ''S. plumieri'' (L.) Vahl with an Indo-Atlantic distribution and ''S. taccada'' with an Indo-Pacific distribution. They are primarily distinguished by the incision of the calyx and the colour of the fruit.

* [135] Burkill, I.H., 1966. A dictionary of the economic products of the Malay Peninsula. Revised reprint. 2 volumes. Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operatives, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Vol. 1 (A-HA—H) pp. 1-12401—1240, Vol. 2 (I-ZI—Z) pp. 1241-24441241—2444. *[143] Cambie, R.C. & Ash, J., 1994. Fijian medicinal plants. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, Australia. 350 pp.*[148] Carolin, R.C., 1990. Nomenclatural notes, new taxa and the systematic arrangement in the genus Scaevola (Goodeniaceae) including synonyms. Telopea 3(4): 477—516.*[258] Dittmar, A. 1998. Zur traditionellen Heilkunde Samoas. Charakteristika und Strukturierungen des Heilpflanzenuniversums [Traditional medicine in Samoa. Characteristic and classification of medicinal plants]. Dissertation University of Frankfurt. Verlag Dr. Hänsel-Hohenhausen, Egelsbach, Frankfurt, München, Germany. 470 pp.*[350] Goldstein, G., Drake, D.R., Alpha, C., Melcher, P., Heraux, J. & Azocar, A., 1996. Growth and photosynthetic responses of Scaevola sericea, a Hawaiian coastal shrub, to substrate salinity and salt spray. International Journal of Plant Sciences 157(2): 171—179.*[407] Heyne, K., 1950. De nuttige planten van Indonesië [The useful plants of Indonesia]. 3rd Edition. 2 volumes. W. van Hoeve, 's-Gravenhage, the Netherlands/Bandung, Indonesia. 1660 + CCXLI pp.* [418] Holdsworth, D.K., 1977. Medicinal plants of Papua New Guinea. Technical Paper No 175. South Pacific Commission, Noumea, New Caledonia. 123 pp., *[730] Ng, F.S.P., 1991—1992. Manual of forest fruits, seeds and seedlings. 2 volumes. Malayan Forest Record No 34. Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Malaysia. 997 pp.*[786] Perry, L.M., 1980. Medicinal plants of East and Southeast Asia. Attributed properties and uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States & London, United Kingdom. 620 pp.*[810] Quisumbing, E., 1978. Medicinal plants of the Philippines. Katha Publishing Co., Quezon City, the Philippines. 1262 pp.*[1075] Wohlrabe, K. & Hansel, R., 1977. Cumarine aus Scaevola frutescens [Coumarins from Scaevola frutescens]. Archiv der Pharmazie (Weinheim) 310(12): 972—974.*[1077] Wong, K.M., 1993. Two new species of Scaevola (Goodeniaceae) endemic to Borneo. Sandakania 3: 11—16.

*Trimurti Hesti Wardini