Difference between revisions of "Sonchus oleraceus"

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Revision as of 19:38, 14 March 2021

Sonchus oleraceus L.

alt=Description of 2006-11-16Sonchus oleraceus03-03.jpg picture.
Sow thistle
Order Asterales
Family Asteraceae
Genus Sonchus

2n = 32

Origin : temperate Eurasia,
mediterranean

wild

English "sow thistle"
French "laiteron, laiteron maraîcher"



Summary of uses
  • excellent wild salad
  • eaten cooked, as spinach
  • forage plant: rabbits, sheep, horses
  • medicinal



Description

  • red-stemmed individual

  • rosette

  • flower head

  • fruiting flower head

  • annual herbaceous plant, 30-80 cm tall, with an abundant white latex
  • erect stem, sparsely branched, smooth or slightly glandular, angular, hollow
  • glabrous alternate simple leaves, runcinate-pinnatifid or pennatipartite, deeply pinnately lobed, coarsely toothed, winged petiole and soft spines at early growth stages
  • stem leaves 'embracing, with acuminate auricles, spreading'
  • glabrous involucre, sometimes flaky at the base
  • yellow flower head with ligulate flowers
  • fruits: obovate-oblong brownish achenes, very rough, crested with a white pappus

The sow thistle has naturalized all over the world, including in tropical areas. It is a common garden weed.

Popular names

English sow thistle, milk thistle, hare’s lettuce
French laiteron ; lastron, brède lastron (La Réunion)
German Gänsedistel
Dutch melkdistel
Italian grespino, crespigno, cicerbita, allattalepre
Spanish cerraja, cardo lechuzo, lechecina
Catalan lletsó
Portuguese serralha, leitaruga ; serralha branca, serralha macia, leita ruga (PROTA)
Modern Greek zokhi, tsokhos
Chinese 苦苣菜 - ku ju cai (Flora of China)
Hindi दूधी - dudhi (Flowers of India)
Rajasthani आकडियो - aakadio (Flowers of India)
Manipuri খোমথোক্পী - khomthokpi (Flowers of India)
Nepalese दुधे काँडा - dudhe Kaandaa, छोटे झार - chhote jhaar (Flowers of India)
Filipino gagatang (igorot) (PROSEA)
Indonesian tempuh wiyang, delgiyu (javanais), camawak (sundanais) (PROSEA)
Vietnamese rau diếp dại, nhũ cúc, rau cúc sữa (PROSEA)

Classification

Sonchus oleraceus L. (1753)

Cultivars

History

  • Sonkhos Dioscoride 315r

  • Sonchus laevis. Mattioli, 1554, Commentarii, 2, 257

  • Sturm, 1796. Deutschlands Flora, pl. 49

  • Flora Batava, 1814

  • Lindman, 1917-26. Bilder ur Nordens Flora

Uses

  • Read

La consommation de cette espèce (ar. : difef ; fr. = laiteron maraîcher) est rapportée en Tunisie par Lemordant et al. (1977), alors que Täckholm (1974) la signale comme utilisée en salade en Egypte. "Consumption of this species is reported in Tunisia by Lemordant et al"". (1977), while Täckholm (1974) reports it as used for salads in Egypt."

Le Floc'h, 1983, Ethnobotanique tunisienne, 272


Répandus partout dans les jardins et les cultures, les laiterons sont les plantes les plus estimées pour la nourriture des lapins. "Widespread around gardens and cultures, sow thisthles are the most estimated plants for feeding rabbits.

Audier, L’herbier du village.


Cultivated in the Philippines; mostly use is made of wild-growing plants. The young leaves and shoots are eaten raw, cooked or slightly steamed, also used for fodder and as a medicinal plant.

Mansfeld.


  • Harvested at the rosette stage, sow thistle is an excellent wild salad, used all over Mediterranean areas. Its soft spines are not troublesome. Nevertheless, this usage seems unknown further north in Europe. In Charente (France), for example, it is only harvested as rabbit food.
  • At a more advanced stage, it can still be eaten, cooked, as spinach, within pies or as soups.


References

Links

Retrieved from "https://uses.plantnet-project.org/e/index.php?title=Sonchus_oleraceus&oldid=331736"