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Daniellia oliveri (PROTA)

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<big>''[[Daniellia oliveri]]'' (Rolfe) Hutch. & Dalziel</big>

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[[File:Map Daniellia oliveri.gif|thumb|distribution in Africa (wild)]]

[[File:Linedrawing Daniellia oliveri.gif|thumb|1, tree habit; 2, leaf; 3, part of inflorescence; 4, dehisced fruits. Redrawn and adapted by J.M. de Vries]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri WAG9000790.jpg|thumb|tree]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri WAG9000789.jpg|thumb|tree habit]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri WAG9000787.jpg|thumb|tree habit]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri troncs Burkina TIQUET.jpg|thumb|bole]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri annélation Côte d'Ivoire D LOUPPE.jpg|thumb|girdled trunk]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri Ecorce tranche 01 P POILECOT.jpg|thumb|slash]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri Feuilles fruits 01 P POILECOT.jpg|thumb|leaves and fruits]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri fleurs POILECOT P 0017.jpg|thumb|flowers]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri fleurs TIQUET.jpg|thumb|flowers]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri fruits 2 TIQUET.jpg|thumb|open fruit]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri fruits ouverts D LOUPPE.jpg|thumb|open fruits]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri WAG9000791.jpg|thumb|fruiting tree]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri D LOUPPE écran.jpg|thumb|screen]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri Hawthorne F. Whinder - P. Gasson xs.jpg|thumb|wood in transverse section]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri Hawthorne F. Whinder - P. Gasson tls.jpg|thumb|wood in tangential section]]

[[File:Daniellia oliveri Hawthorne F. Whinder - P. Gasson rls.jpg|thumb|wood in radial section]]

:Protologue: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 9: 382 (1928).

== Vernacular names ==

*West African copal tree, African copaiba balsam, Ilorin balsam, Accra copal, Benin gum copal (En). *Arbre à vernis (Fr). *Pau-incenso (Po).

== Origin and geographic distribution ==

== Description ==

*Deciduous, medium-sized tree up to 25(–35) m tall; bole straight and cylindrical, up to 200 cm in diameter, without buttresses; bark surface smooth, greyish white, becoming scaly in older trees, flaking off in large, circular patches, inner bark thick, deep red; crown dense, inversely cone-shaped; twigs glabrous. *Leaves alternate, paripinnately compound with (3–)6–11 pairs of leaflets; stipules up to 6.5(–9) cm × 0.5 cm, soon falling; petiole (2–)2.5–3.5(–5.5) cm long, rachis (17–)24–33(–52) cm long, shallowly channelled, becoming quadrangular towards apex, sparsely short-hairy, with glands at insertion of leaflets; petiolules 3–15 mm long; leaflets opposite, oblong-ovate to lanceolate, up to 15(–21) cm × 7(–10) cm, basal and apical leaflets smaller than middle ones, base cuneate, asymmetrical, apex acuminate, papery to leathery, margins slightly wavy, sparsely to densely short-hairy to nearly glabrous, with few translucent glandular dots, pinnately veined with 9–17 pairs of lateral veins. *Inflorescence an axillary or terminal compound raceme 15–20(–25) cm long, glabrous to densily hairy, with 6–16 lateral branches. *Flowers bisexual, zygomorphic, scented; pedicel 7–13 mm long, glabrous, enlarging in fruit, below the middle with 2 caducous bracteoles c. 0.5 cm long; sepals 4, oblong, c. 1.5 cm long, glabrous but margins hairy; petals 5, white to creamy, unequal, ovate-elliptical, 4 petals 1–1.5 (–3) mm long and one c. 1 cm long, nearly glabrous, with few glandular dots; stamens 10, free, (2–)3–4 cm long; ovary superior, oblong-lanceolate, 0.5–1 cm long, glabrous, with stipe c. 0.5 cm long, style up to 3 cm long. *Fruit an obliquely lanceolate, flattened pod 6–10 cm × 3–4.5 cm, with stipe c. 1 cm long, glabrous, green becoming brown, dehiscing with 2 papery valves, 1-seeded. *Seeds obovoid-ellipsoid, flattened, 2–2.5 cm long, smooth, dark brown, attached to one of the valves by a 1–2 cm long funicle. *Seedling with epigeal germination.

== Other botanical information ==

*Secretory elements and cambial variants: 127: axial canals in long tangential lines; 128: axial canals in short tangential lines.

== Growth and development ==

== Correct citation of this article ==

Schmelzer, G.H. & Louppe, D., 2012. '''Daniellia oliveri''' (Rolfe) Hutch. & Dalziel. [Internet] Record from PROTA4U. Lemmens, R.H.M.J., Louppe, D. & Oteng-Amoako, A.A. (Editors). PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa / Ressources végétales de l’Afrique tropicale), Wageningen, Netherlands~~. <http://www.prota4u.org/search.asp>~~.

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