Changes

*African zebrawood, zingana, zebrano (En). *Zingana, zebrano (Fr).

=== ''Microberlinia bisulcata'' ===''[[Microberlinia bisulcata]]'' A.Chev. is a medium-sized to large tree to 45 m tall, with a cylindrical bole branchless for up to 20 m and up to 75 cm in diameter, probably endemic to Cameroon. Its wood is traded under the same trade names as that of ''Microberlinia brazzavillensis'' and has similar uses and properties; it has a density of 700–850 kg/m³ at 12% moisture content. ''Microberlinia bisulcata'' is classified as critically endangered in the IUCN Red List, because clearance for agriculture has resulted in large-scale habitat decline, and exploitation has caused population declines.

*Growth rings: 2: growth ring boundaries indistinct or absent. *Vessels: 5: wood diffuse-porous; 13: simple perforation plates; 22: intervessel pits alternate; 23: shape of alternate pits polygonal; 25: intervessel pits small (4–7 μm); 26: intervessel pits medium (7–10 μm); 29: vestured pits; 30: vessel-ray pits with distinct borders; similar to intervessel pits in size and shape throughout the ray cell; 43: mean tangential diameter of vessel lumina <font size="1">≥</font> 200 μm; 46: <font size="1">≤</font> 5 vessels per square millimetre; (47: 5–20 vessels per square millimetre); (58: gums and other deposits in heartwood vessels). *Tracheids and fibres: 61: fibres with simple to minutely bordered pits; 66: non-septate fibres present; 69: fibres thin- to thick-walled; 70: fibres very thick-walled. *Axial parenchyma: 80: axial parenchyma aliform; 81: axial parenchyma lozenge-aliform; 82: axial parenchyma winged-aliform; 83: axial parenchyma confluent; 85: axial parenchyma bands more than three cells wide; 89: axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands; 91: two cells per parenchyma strand; 92: four (3–4) cells per parenchyma strand. *Rays: 96: rays exclusively uniseriate; 97: ray width 1–3 cells; 104: all ray cells procumbent; (106: body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells); 115: 4–12 rays per mm; 116: <font size="1">≥</font> 12 rays per mm. *Storied structure: (122: rays and/or axial elements irregularly storied). *Secretory elements and cambial variants: (131: intercellular canals of traumatic origin). *Mineral inclusions: (136: prismatic crystals present); (142: prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells); (143: prismatic crystals in fibres).

* Aubréville, A., 1968. Légumineuses - Caesalpinioidées (Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae). Flore du Gabon. Volume 15. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. 362 pp.

* Bolza, E. & Keating, W.G., 1972. African timbers: the properties, uses and characteristics of 700 species. Division of Building Research, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia. 710 pp.

* Chudnoff, M., 1980. Tropical timbers of the world. USDA Forest Service, Agricultural Handbook No 607, Washington D.C., United States. 826 pp.

* de Saint-Aubin, G., 1963. La forêt du Gabon. Publication No 21 du Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Nogent-sur-Marne, France. 208 pp.

* Sallenave, P., 1955. Propriétés physiques et mécaniques des bois tropicaux de l’Union française. Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Nogent-sur-Marne, France. 129 pp.

* Sallenave, P., 1971. Propriétés physiques et mécaniques des bois tropicaux. Deuxième supplément. Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Nogent-sur-Marne, France. 128 pp.

* Takahashi, A., 1978. Compilation of data on the mechanical properties of foreign woods (part 3) Africa. Shimane University, Matsue, Japan. 248 pp.

* Wieringa, J.J., 1999. Monopetalanthus exit: a systematic study of Aphanocalyx, Bikinia, Icuria, Michelsonia and Tetraberlinia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae). Wageningen Agricultural University Papers 99(4). Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, Netherlands. 320 pp.

* World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 1998. Microberlinia brazzavillensis. In: IUCN 2010. Red list of threatened species. Version 2011.2. [Internet] http://www.iucnredlist.org. March 2012.

* Anonymous, 1966. Neue Importholzkunde, Teil I Afrika (107): zebrano (Microberlinia brazzavillensis + M. bisulcata, Familie der Leguminosen, Unterfamilie der Caesalpiniaceen, syn. Brachystegia fleuryana). Holz-Zentralblatt 92(123): 2191.

* ATIBT (Association Technique Internationale des Bois Tropicaux), 2005. Statistics. ATIBT Newsletter 22: 26–47.

* ATIBT (Association Technique Internationale des Bois Tropicaux), 2007. Statistiques. La lettre de l’ATIBT 26: 38–52.

* Aubréville, A., 1970. Légumineuses - Césalpinioidées (Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae). Flore du Cameroun. Volume 9. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. 339 pp.

* Bâ, M., Plenchette, C., Duponnois, R., Moyersoen, B. & Diédhiou, A.G., 2012. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis of tropical African trees. Mycorrhiza 22: 1–29.

* Burkill, H.M., 1995. The useful plants of West Tropical Africa. 2nd Edition. Volume 3, Families J–L. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom. 857 pp.

* Bush, R.K., Yunginger, J.W. & Reed, C.E., 1978. Asthma due to African zebrawood (Microberlinia) dust. The American review of Respiratory Disease 117(3): 601–603.

* Cheek, M. & Cable, S., 2000. Microberlinia bisulcata. In: IUCN 2010. Red list of threatened species. Version 2011.2. [Internet] http://www.iucnredlist.org. March 2012.

* CIRAD Forestry Department, 2009. Zingana. [Internet] Tropix 7. http://tropix.cirad.fr/ africa/ zingana.pdf. March 2012.

* CTFT (Centre Technique Forestier Tropical), 1949. Zingana. Fiche botanique et forestière. Bois et Forêts des Tropiques 9: 71–74.

* Keay, R.W.J., Hoyle, A.C. & Duvigneaud, P., 1958. Caesalpiniaceae. In: Keay, R.W.J. (Editor). Flora of West Tropical Africa. Volume 1, part 2. 2nd Edition. Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations, London, United Kingdom. pp. 439–484.

* Neuwinger, H.D., 2000. African traditional medicine: a dictionary of plant use and applications. Medpharm Scientific, Stuttgart, Germany. 589 pp.

* Normand, D. & Paquis, J., 1976. Manuel d’identification des bois commerciaux. Tome 2. Afrique guinéo-congolaise. Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Nogent-sur-Marne, France. 335 pp.

* Phongphaew, P., 2003. The commercial woods of Africa. Linden Publishing, Fresno, California, United States. 206 pp.

* Raponda-Walker, A. & Sillans, R., 1961. Les plantes utiles du Gabon. Paul Lechevalier, Paris, France. 614 pp.

* Vivien, J. & Faure, J.J., 1985. Arbres des forêts denses d’Afrique Centrale. Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique, Paris, France. 565 pp.

* de Saint-Aubin, G., 1963. La forêt du Gabon. Publication No 21 du Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Nogent-sur-Marne, France. 208 pp.

*  M. Brink  , PROTA Network Office Europe, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 341, 6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands

Brink, M., 2012. '''Microberlinia brazzavillensis''' A.Chev. [Internet] Record from PROTA4U. In: Lemmens, R.H.M.J., Louppe, D. & Oteng-Amoako, A.A. (Editors). PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa / Ressources végétales de l’Afrique tropicale), Wageningen, Netherlands. <http://www.prota4u.org/search.asp>.  Accessed {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}.

[[Category:PROTA prov]][[Category:Timbers (PROTA)]]