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G. Gintzburger, K. N. Toderich, B. K. Mardonov and M. M. Mahmudov, 2003. ''Rangelands of the arid and semi-arid zones in Uzbekistan''. CIRAD - ICARDA. 432 p. ISBN 978-2-7592-0673-5


*CIRAD : Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement
*ICARDA : International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas


With the support of:
*CIRAD-EMVT, Département d’Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire
*ECONAP, Programme Ecosystèmes naturels et pastoraux, France
*Uzbekistan Scientific Production Centre of Agricultural Research, Uzbekistan
*Academy of Science of Uzbekistan, Samarkand Division, Uzbekistan
*Karakul Sheep and Desert Ecology Research Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
*World Bank
*Global Livestock CRSP, Livestock Development and Rangeland Conservation Tools Project in Central Asia, USA
*USDA/ARS, Central Asian Range and Sheep Evaluation Project, USA
*Wallace Research Foundation, USA
*IGF, Fondation Internationale pour la Conservation de la Faune Sauvage, France
*INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, France

== Contents ==

:'''Forewords''' 9
:'''Preface''' 11
:'''Introduction''' 15
::The pastoral system 16
:'''A brief physico-geographical and ecological presentation of Uzbekistan''' 21
::The environment 22
:::Geology and geomorphology 22
:::Climatology and bioclimatology 26
:::Arid and semi-arid soils 35
:::Phytogeography 40
:::Current changes in land use, crop yield and livestock numbers 45
::The flora and main vegetation types of the arid and semi-arid zones 50
:::Plant family contribution to the vegetation 50
:::Main vegetation types of the arid and semi-arid zones 53
:'''Plant descriptions''' 87
:'''Ecology, biology and economic importance of arid and semi-arid rangeland plants''' 275
::Biological and life forms 276
:::Small trees and shrubs (microphanerophytes and nanophanerophytes) 276
:::Small shrubs (chamaephytes) 276
:::Herbaceous plants (perennials and biannuals) 277
::Chemical composition, fodder value and palatability 278
::Toxic and medicinal plants 280
::Plants that may cause mechanical injuries to livestock 283
::Seed characteristics and germination ecology 283
:::Seed morphology and germination conditions 283
:::Seed viability 286
:::Seed dormancy 287
:'''Range improvement and rehabilitation in Uzbekistan''' 295
::Collecting and evaluating the phytogenetic resources 297
::Range improvement operations/establishment and regeneration techniques 300
:::Land preparation and disturbance 301
:::Seeding time 302
:::Depth of seeding 303
:::Seeding rate 303
:::Expected improvement and production 305
:'''Nature reserves in Uzbekistan''' 313
::Reserves in desert ecosystems 315
:::The Kyzylkum reserve (sandy part) 315
:::The Karakul reserve (’zakaznik’) 320
:::The Ecological Breeding Centre ‘Dzheiran’ 320
::Reserves of riparian forests and wetland ecosystems 322
:::The Kyzylkum reserve (tugaï part) 323
:::The relict riparian forest fragments of the Badai-Tugaï nature reserve 325
:::The Aral-Paigambar reserve 326
:::The Zerafshan reserve 327
::Reserves in the mountain ecosystem 329
:::The Nuratau mountains walnut-fruit forests biosphere reserve 329
:::The Gissar reserve 330
:::The Chatkal biosphere reserve 332
:::The Kitab geological reserve 333
:::The Zaamin forest reserve 334
:'''General conclusions''' 337
:'''Maps''' 339
:'''Bibliography''' 351
:'''Uzbek glossary''' 368
:'''Appendix''' 377
:'''Index''' 405

== On Pl@ntUse ==
All the pages describing plants have been uploaded. Only part of the remaining pages will be uploaded. See the category below.

A (scientific) transliteration has been added to the names in Russian.

[[Category:Gintzburger et al. (2003)|*]]